Ch. 8 Fighting for Intel During LSCO
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What aspect of the intelligence architecture is stressed when the US forces have to operate on a theater-specific network such as CENTRIXS or US BICES?

  • Interoperability of the architecture with other systems (correct)
  • Integration of new or unanticipated information collection capabilities
  • Processing, Exploitation, and Dissemination (PED) of intelligence
  • Data transport and information flow

    • What can potentially lead to increased stress on the intelligence architecture during deployment and large-scale combat operations?

  • The arrival of reinforcing units with specific equipment needs
  • The need to operate on a network different from the one used in garrison
  • The need to integrate new types of equipment
  • The processing, exploitation, and dissemination of vast amounts of intelligence data (correct)

    • Which factor can directly impact the timely arrival of essential intelligence architecture components in the theater of operations?

  • The availability of trained personnel
  • The effectiveness of intelligence gathering operations
  • The level of pre-deployment training
  • Damage to equipment during transport (correct)

    • What factor can contribute to friction at the port of debarkation, forward movement routes, and intermediate staging bases, impacting the deployment of intelligence architecture components?

    <p>The complexity of the deployment process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges faced by the US forces when operating on a theater-specific network?

    <p>Difficulty in sharing intelligence with partner nations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can strain the intelligence architecture due to the increased volume of transported data?

    <p>Greater congestion and more intelligence nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary limitations of training environments in preparing for intelligence PED (Processing, Exploitation, and Dissemination) in large-scale combat operations?

    <p>Inability to replicate the high-stress conditions of combat. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a challenge mentioned in the content that can affect the establishment and function of the intelligence architecture?

    <p>The need to develop new intelligence gathering techniques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of threat actors targeting transport vessels along sea lines of communications?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can threat actors leverage proxy forces to impede military deployment operations?

    <p>Employing them to create disruptions and deny access to critical infrastructure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of threat actors posturing for and escalating nonlethal and lethal actions of increasing intensity?

    <p>To improve standoff capabilities and deter military projections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of adversary activities that leaders must anticipate during deployment operations?

    <p>Cyberattacks, infrastructure sabotage, and long-range precision strikes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can intelligence support help mitigate disruptions during deployment operations?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the phases of deployment operations that involve unique intelligence considerations, as discussed in FM 3-0?

    <p>Fort to port, port to port, and Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration (RSOI). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the challenges to the intelligence warfighting function that may arise after the RSOI phase of deployment?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of effective mitigation in planning, preparation, and execution of deployment operations?

    <p>To ensure the successful and timely deployment of forces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of close operations?

    <p>They are primarily conducted by BCTs and focus on consolidating gains. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of intelligence activities during close operations at the corps and division level?

    <p>Monitoring enemy activities throughout the corps and division deep areas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a close operation?

    <p>A corps conducting a deep strike to disrupt enemy logistics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of synchronizing intelligence efforts across operational areas during close operations?

    <p>To ensure the commander has a complete picture of the battlefield and can make informed decisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities is NOT a key element of close operations?

    <p>Airborne and amphibious assault operations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is integrating intelligence, civil information, military information support operations, cyberspace, and electromagnetic activities crucial for close operations?

    <p>To gain a comprehensive understanding of the battlefield and target enemy vulnerabilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of indirect fire support in close operations?

    <p>All of the above. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of BCTs in division close operations?

    <p>To conduct offensive and defensive operations within the division's close area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key aspect of terrain that supports friendly defensive operations?

    <p>Terrain that forces enemy forces to concentrate into narrow areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a weather effect that supports friendly defensive operations?

    <p>Weather conditions that benefit enemy air operations, but not friendly air operations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of understanding the location of enemy assembly areas, ammunition and logistics nodes, and likely movement routes?

    <p>It helps friendly forces to effectively target enemy supply chains and troop movements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of template and track the composition, disposition, likely routes, and time phase lines of reconnaissance and surveillance, security, advanced engineering, infiltrating, and air assault units?

    <p>To gather intelligence on enemy plans and activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of identifying the likely use of enemy command and control nodes, long-range fires, artillery and rocket units, and air defense systems?

    <p>To effectively counter enemy threats with appropriate defensive measures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential impacts of enemy information warfare, cyberattacks, and denial and deception operations?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key consideration for identifying favorable weather effects for friendly defensive operations?

    <p>The impact of weather on friendly counteroffensive operations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial to identify military aspects of terrain (OAKOC) when planning defensive operations?

    <p>To maximize the effectiveness of friendly forces' defensive positions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a pursuit, what aspect of the enemy forces' capabilities should intelligence gathering focus on?

    <p>Determining their best routes for retreating forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When conducting an attack operation, which of the following is NOT a key consideration regarding enemy capabilities in intelligence planning?

    <p>Determining potential locations for friendly forces to conduct counteroffensives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key information requirement specifically related to exploitation operations?

    <p>Identifying possible locations for friendly forces to interdict enemy reinforcements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During operations involving a large-scale combat operation, what aspect of intelligence preparation of the operational environment (IPOE) is highlighted as vital for effective pursuit operations?

    <p>Rapid decision-making and use of IPOE products from previous phases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the text's section on intelligence support for large-scale combat operations?

    <p>Discussing the development of the intelligence situation from the initial deployment to the final stages of combat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering intelligence requirements for an attack operation, which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Determining the disposition of friendly forces and their capabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of enemy capabilities is notably NOT included in the text's detailed requirements for intelligence planning during a pursuit operation?

    <p>Determining the nature of enemy electronic warfare capabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of information collection is particularly emphasized for intelligence preparation of the operational environment (IPOE) during a large-scale combat operation?

    <p>Developing a thorough understanding of enemy capabilities and intentions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of terrain helps the enemy in setting up a defense with obstacles?

    <p>Terrain, including subterranean, that allows the enemy to tie obstacles to existing terrain features to support enemy defensive positions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of weather effects that are mentioned as being favorable for the enemy in defensive operations?

    <p>Visibility and precipitation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of weather effects that are mentioned as being favorable for the friendly forces in offensive operations?

    <p>Visibility and wind. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage that favorable terrain provides for the enemy in setting up a defense?

    <p>It allows them to canalize friendly forces to attrite our forces and diminish our combat power in depth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terrain factors is most likely to be advantageous for the enemy in a defensive posture?

    <p>Terrain that allows reconnaissance and security outposts to be arranged in depth along choke points and terrain features that canalize friendly forces to attrite our forces and diminish our combat power in depth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one example of favorable weather for using chemical weapons?

    <p>Calm winds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are landing zones important for both friendly and enemy forces?

    <p>They allow forces to quickly deploy and resupply. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that needs to be considered when determining the likely purpose and type of enemy defense?

    <p>The enemy's morale. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fighting for Intelligence During Large-Scale Combat Operations

    • Intelligence during large-scale combat operations differs from intelligence during competition and crisis.
    • Enemy influence shapes perceptions, behaviors, and decision-making before conflict.
    • Enemy actions increase in intensity and lethality during large-scale operations.
    • Intelligence success is key for operational success in large-scale operations.
    • Intelligence architecture planning, joint TSA, regional expertise, threat models, databases, and training are necessary before operations.
    • This chapter focuses on tactical aspects of large-scale combat.
    • Corps, division, and BCT echelons are pivotal in successful large-scale combat operations.

    Challenges

    • Staff integration, operational planning, and information collection plans are not foolproof.
    • Information collection is imperfect and seldom completely accurate.
    • Accurate planning, aggressive collection, and adjustments are needed.
    • Commanders and staff must understand fighting for intelligence doctrine and integration.
    • Realistic training and strong relationships between intelligence and staff are essential.
    • Contested deployments and post-RSOI intelligence support are particular challenges.

    Contested Deployment

    • Threat information warfare globally impacts deployments.
    • Targeted disinformation against soldiers can halt operations.
    • Commander and staff must understand disinformation's effects.
    • Increased threat tactics in crises and conflict include infrastructure sabotage, cyberspace/information attacks, and long-range precision strikes.
    • Peer threats may support proxies to impede operations.
    • Disruption of deployment is possible via crowds, protests, or looting.
    • Mitigation through intelligence support, training, and coordination with partners is crucial.

    Fluid Reception, Staging, Onward Movement, and Integration (RSOI) Operations

    • Peer threats' long-range strikes impact RSOI operations by disrupting port infrastructure, causing disaggregated arrivals, and challenging logistics.
    • Host-nation requirements can further impact operations and potentially disrupt RSOI.
    • Theater army has primary responsibility for RSOI.
    • Units must conduct detailed planning and coordination before deployment.
    • Commanders must prepare for mitigation actions if systems are damaged.
    • Deployment operations require coordination.

    Operational Challenges

    • Large-scale combat creates complex conditions (e.g., noncombatants, unconventional tactics).
    • Enemy may employ information warfare, systems warfare, and terrorism.
    • Conflicts are more intense and destructive compared to limited contingencies.
    • Peer threats mass effects across domains to impede friendly actions.

    Intelligence Challenges

    • Large-scale combat creates operational fog, friction, and stress on the intelligence warfighting function.
    • Peer threats employ sophisticated capabilities like information warfare, cyberspace attacks, and counter-reconnaissance, to deny and degrade friendly functions.

    Other Operational Challenges (Offensive/Defensive)

    • Tactical transitions between offensive, defensive, and stability operations. Effects across multiple domains.
    • Eventual political considerations & negotiations.
    • Effective tactical transition and campaigns.
    • Tactical actions' strategic influence.
    • Defeat of armed forces, & land/population control for strategic & operational objectives.
    • Offensive, defensive, and stability operations (in rapid campaigns against capable adversaries).
    • Consideration of civil elements and sustainment requirements.

    Other Information Gaps

    • Inadequate collection ranges, lack of technical capabilities, unfavorable terrain, and unacceptable risk factors.
    • Difficulty due to national priorities, international borders, existing agreements, or areas not part of joint operations.
    • Limited availability of other Service ISR systems.
    • Most intelligence collection assets focus on theater and not specifically on lower levels.
    • Threat capabilities and countermeasures affecting friendly collection.
    • Insufficient networks, systems, or personnel/linguists.

    Defense & Offensive Operations (Friendly)

    • Understanding enemy forces & capabilities for effective defense.
    • Successful offensive operations depend on understanding enemy characteristics and vulnerabilities.
    • Offensive and defense operations including stability operations.
    • Commanders must preserve friendly combat power.
    • Manage risk and use ground maneuver capabilities. (Close, Rear, Deep).

    Forms of Contact

    • Contact is defined with respect to forces' interactions, including direct, indirect, non-hostile, Obstacle (friendly or enemy), CBRN, aerial, visual, electromagnetic, and influence.

    Deep, Close, and Rear Operations

    • Synchronization across deep, close, and rear.
    • Planning with different areas (deep, close, or rear).
    • Commanders will focus on operations within their assigned area (though elements can be across different areas), considering deep, close, and rear interactions.

    Intelligence Support to Defensive/Offensive Operations

    • Commanders need comprehensive intelligence before a battle.
    • Understanding enemy force composition, intent, strength, vulnerabilities, and scheme of maneuver.
    • Locating enemy force movements, reserves, and support systems.
    • Locating enemy C2 & communications capabilities.
    • Maintaining continuous information collection is essential to understanding enemy activities and maintaining current understanding.
    • Identifying opportunities to leverage friendly capabilities and open windows of opportunity.

    Intelligence Products and CIP

    • Intelligence products must be tailored to commanders' needs and continuously updated.
    • Analysts should understand not only their unit's but also higher/lower unit operations.
    • Maintaining the CIP during large-scale combat operations requires considerations for threats, friendly operations and communications issues.
    • CIP includes intelligence requirements, enemy intent, battlefield framework, disruption/battle/support zones, enemy tasks, surveillance, reconnaissance, tracks, and other considerations.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the challenges faced by US forces when operating within theater-specific networks like CENTRIXS and US BICES. It covers factors that can stress the intelligence architecture during deployment and large-scale operations, including the timely arrival of essential components and limitations in training environments. Test your knowledge on these critical aspects of military intelligence.

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