Ch. 6 Decision Making During Execution

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a threat identified within the intelligence category?

  • Capture of significant numbers of enemy prisoners of war
  • Increased unemployment within the population (correct)
  • Identification of an information requirement
  • Modification of an airspace coordinating measure

Which of these options is a factor related to 'Movement and Maneuver' that can impact operations?

  • Numbers of dislocated civilians sufficient to affect friendly operations (correct)
  • Interference with freedom of religious worship
  • Effective enemy counterfire
  • Destruction of any place of worship by friendly fire

Which of these options is an example of a factor that can impact decision making during execution?

  • Receipt of an air tasking order
  • Enemy electronic attack use
  • Establishment of unplanned obstacles along major routes (correct)
  • Unplanned repositioning of firing units

Identify the factor that falls under the intelligence category and directly relates to identifying potential threats.

<p>Identification of high-payoff targets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of validating and refining a new course of action (COA)?

<p>To ensure the COA is feasible, suitable, and acceptable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the factor that impacts 'Movement and Maneuver' in terms of hindering friendly forces' movements.

<p>Damages to civilian infrastructure affecting friendly mobility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is considered a 'Fires' factor that could disrupt the fire support plan during execution?

<p>Effective enemy counterfire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a part of the validation and refinement process of a new COA?

<p>Planning the logistics and support requirements for the new COA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the mental war game conducted during COA validation and refinement?

<p>To identify potential risks and challenges associated with the new COA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is a key indicator of how well a unit is achieving its objectives in the 'Movement and Maneuver' category?

<p>Loss of one or more critical transportation systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is NOT a factor that influences decision-making during execution?

<p>Identification of threats from within the population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are essential elements of friendly information (EEFIs)?

<p>Key pieces of information about friendly forces that are essential for success. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an information requirement that could be nominated as a CCIR?

<p>The enemy's intentions regarding their next course of action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the future operations cell during COA validation and refinement?

<p>To develop the details of the new COA and draft a FRAGORD. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for directing a hasty operations synchronization meeting?

<p>The commander, COS, or XO. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the COA validation and refinement process?

<p>To identify and address any weaknesses or vulnerabilities in the new COA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common revision to products needed to affect adjustments?

<p>Updated information collection plan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a FRAGORD in the context of adjustments?

<p>To confirm verbal orders and ensure synchronization, integration, and notification of the force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for informing the commander of any changes made to the COA?

<p>The COS or the XO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenarios does the commander issue orders to subordinates verbally?

<p>When time is of the essence and quick reactions are needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the staff notified of a pending change in the COA?

<p>Through a WARNORD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a COA does not adequately solve the problem initially, who takes action to modify or create a new one?

<p>The COS or chief of operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the validation and refinement process in COA development?

<p>To determine if the COA is feasible and achievable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the COA is typically adjusted in an adjustment decision?

<p>The concept of operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of identifying variances during operations?

<p>To allow commanders to make adjustments to the operational plan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an opportunity and a threat in the context of variances?

<p>An opportunity is a situation that can be exploited to achieve the mission more effectively, while a threat poses a risk to mission accomplishment or the survival of the force. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an execution decision?

<p>A decision to implement a planned action under circumstances anticipated in the order. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is an adjustment decision necessary?

<p>When the operation is not progressing according to expectations, and the variance requires a change in course. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by "reframing the problem" in the context of variances?

<p>Analyzing the operational environment and redefining the problem to better understand the situation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of decision points in relation to execution decisions?

<p>Decision points indicate when a commander must make a critical decision about the course of the operation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a commander do if the variance is so extreme that the current plan lacks the flexibility to respond?

<p>Reframe the problem to better understand the operational environment and adjust the plan accordingly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of identifying variances during operations?

<p>It gives commanders a clear picture of the operational environment and allows for proactive adjustments to the plan. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Rapid Decision-Making and Synchronization Process (RDSP)?

<p>To provide a quicker and more efficient approach to decision-making during execution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when using the RDSP?

<p>Decision criteria and comparison of COAs are essential components of the process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the RDSP and the commander's intent?

<p>The RDSP is a tool used to develop and communicate the commander's intent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the RDSP differ from the MDMP?

<p>The RDSP emphasizes rapid decision-making, while the MDMP focuses on comprehensive analysis and planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using the RDSP?

<p>Development of a highly detailed and comprehensive plan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the RDSP promote situational understanding?

<p>By combining experience, intuition, and rapid analysis, the RDSP enables leaders to quickly grasp the situation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the RDSP, as described in the content?

<p>To facilitate quick and effective decisions in situations where time is limited (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of conducting a confirmation brief or backbrief during task verification?

<p>To ensure mutual understanding between commanders and staff elements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of updating decision support templates and synchronization matrices after the completion of the analysis phase?

<p>To facilitate the synchronization of efforts required to implement the decision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the current operations integration cell during the implementation of the RDSP (Refined Decision Support Package)?

<p>To ensure the synchronization of warfighting functions as the situation changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an outcome considered when making synchronization decisions during execution?

<p>Security posture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cross talk among subordinate commanders contribute to successful execution?

<p>It facilitates rapid decision-making and synchronization. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of collaboration among higher, adjacent, supporting, and subordinate commanders during execution?

<p>To improve interaction and facilitate problem solving. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of synchronizing actions to eliminate undesired effects?

<p>To minimize friction and maximize effectiveness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does anticipating certain outcomes during execution contribute to successful operations?

<p>It facilitates the concentration of combat power at decisive moments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Variance

A difference between the actual situation and the planned forecast during operations.

Opportunity (in Variance)

A favorable variance that allows for more effective mission accomplishment.

Threat (in Variance)

An unfavorable variance that hinders mission success or force survival.

Adjusting Orders

Changing the operational plans in response to recognized threats or opportunities.

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Execution Decision

A planned action that follows through on an operation as expected.

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Decision Point

A specific moment when adjustments to the plan are considered based on variances.

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Reframing the Problem

A strategy to understand an operational environment better when faced with extreme variances.

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Assessment Plan

A plan for evaluating the progress and adapting operations based on variances.

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Unanticipated Situation

Unexpected changes that affect plans and missions.

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Fragmentary Orders

Quick orders given verbally, followed by written instructions for adaptation.

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Rapid Decision-Making and Synchronization Process (RDSP)

A technique for commanders to make timely decisions during execution.

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MDMP

Military Decision-Making Process aimed at finding optimal solutions.

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Situational Understanding

The grasp of the current environment and dynamics affecting operations.

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Combining Experience and Intuition

Utilizing past knowledge and gut feelings for quick evaluations.

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Acceptable COAs

Courses of Action that are feasible and align with commander’s intent.

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Rapid Analysis

Quick assessments that prioritize speed over thoroughness.

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Identification of threats

Recognizing potential dangers from within intelligence sources.

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High-value targets

Specific individuals or assets that hold strategic importance.

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Enemy electronic attack

Use of electronic warfare by the enemy to disrupt operations.

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Unplanned obstacles

Unexpected physical barriers that disrupt movement or operations.

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Civilian displacement

The sudden movement of civilians from their homes due to conflict.

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Battle damage assessment

Evaluating the effects of military actions on enemy targets.

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Friendly fire

Unintentional harm inflicted on one’s own forces during combat.

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Modification of coordination measures

Changes made to planned operations to improve outcomes.

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Medical Evacuation Prioritization

The process of determining the order of medical evacuations based on urgency and needs.

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Repositioning Logistics Assets

Moving logistics resources to improve support for operations.

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Adjusting Measures

Changing strategies to minimize civilian interference during operations.

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Validation of COA

Assessing a Course of Action for feasibility, suitability, and acceptability.

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Mental War Gaming

Simulating potential scenarios to evaluate a new COA’s effectiveness.

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CCIR Nomination

Deciding which information requirements are Critical to Commander's Intent Requirements.

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FRAGORD Development

Creating a fragmentary order to implement a newly refined course of action.

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Warfighting Function Impact

How a new action influences specific operational capabilities.

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Verification Methods

Techniques used to confirm understanding of tasks, such as backbriefs.

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Synchronization

Coordinating actions across units to align efforts and eliminate undesired effects.

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Current Operations Integration Cell

A unit that maintains synchronization of warfighting functions during execution.

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Combat Power Massing

Concentrating resources and efforts at decisive times and places during combat.

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Combined Arms Integration

Coordinating different military branches to enhance effectiveness.

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Cross Talk

Informal communication among subordinate commanders to improve decision-making.

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Higher Echelon Commander Role

Oversight by senior commanders to affirm decisions made by subordinates.

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Decision Support Templates

Tools used to assist commanders in making informed decisions during operations.

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Changes in Objectives

Modifications to goals as COA evolves due to new information.

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Potential Enemy Reactions

Anticipated responses from adversaries based on strategic changes.

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Friendly Counteractions

Responses or measures taken to counter enemy actions effectively.

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CCIRs

Critical Command Information Requirements essential for decision-making.

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Implementation of COA

Putting an acceptable Course of Action into practice.

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FRAGORD

Fragmentary Order to amend existing operation plans.

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WARNORDs

Warning Orders used to alert subordinates about changes.

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Updated Information Collection Plan

Revised strategies for gathering data based on new situational needs.

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Study Notes

Decision Making During Execution

  • Execution is putting a plan into action using combat power to achieve the mission and adjust operations in response to situation changes.
  • Commanders, staffs, and subordinate commanders focus on translating decisions into actions.
  • Execution involves deciding whether to execute planned actions, changing phases, or executing branch plans while adjusting the plan based on situation changes and operational progress.
  • Assessment is crucial in execution
  • Assessment monitoring current operations and evaluating progress and variances.
  • Decision making involves decisions to exploit opportunities or counter threats.
  • Directing action involves applying combat power and resources at decisive points and times.
  • Continuous assessment is essential to change plans, take advantage of opportunities, or react to threats.
  • Monitoring involves observing conditions relevant to operations.
  • Evaluating uses indicators to judge progress and identify variances.

Assessment During Execution

  • Assessment helps visualize probable outcomes and determine if a plan needs adjustments.
  • Monitoring is the continuous observation of relevant conditions.
  • Evaluating uses indicators to judge progress and identifies variances and their significance.
  • Variance is a difference between the actual situation and the planned one.

Rapid Decision-Making and Synchronization Process (RDSP)

  • The RDSP is a technique using rapid analysis instead of detailed analysis.
  • The RDSP seeks a timely and effective solution within the commander's intent.
  • The RDSP involves combining experience and intuition to quickly reach situational understanding.
  • The RDSP integrates all warfighting functions.
  • The RDSP enables quick adjustments to the order or mission.
  • The RDSP is continuous, allowing commanders to react immediately to opportunities and threats.
  • The RDSP is based on the existing order and the commander's priorities.

Decision Making During Operations

  • When operations progress favorably, variances are minor.
  • Commanders allow operations to continue according to plan.
  • Execution decisions implement planned actions under anticipated circumstances.
  • If operations don't progress according to expectations, an adjustment decision is made.
  • An adjustment decision changes the order to address unanticipated threats or opportunities.
  • Staffs ensure operations remain synchronized when adjustments are made.
  • Adjustment decisions may involve reframing the problem to develop a new plan.

Directing Action

  • Commanders direct actions to reapply resources and combat power, often synchronizing operations.
  • The staff resynchronizes operations to maximize combat power application, including factors of time, space, and purpose.
  • Staff issues directives to subordinate commanders.

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