Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Diagnosis Criteria
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following cognitive domains may be affected in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Loss of ambulation
  • Impairment in social cognition (correct)
  • Psychotic symptoms
  • Loss of speech

Which of the following is a characteristic of Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Complete loss of continence
  • Difficulty in managing medications
  • Preserved instrumental activities of daily living (correct)
  • No independence in everyday activities

What differentiates Major Neurocognitive Disorder from Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Significant cognitive decline (correct)
  • Complete loss of sitting
  • Partial loss of ambulation
  • Presence of delirium

Which condition is specifically mentioned as not being a better explanation for cognitive deficits?

<p>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain is less likely to be affected in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

<p>Loss of sitting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted as contributing to preserved independence in everyday activities in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

<p>Use of compensatory strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is indicative of a severe level of dementia according to the DSM-5?

<p>Loss of speech (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is categorized as a behavioral symptom in dementia?

<p>Mood disturbance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive domain is not impaired in NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease?

<p>Perceptual-Motor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In NCD Due to Alzheimer’s Disease, when is probable Alzheimer’s Disease diagnosed?

<p>All three specific criteria are met (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of severity in dementia is characterized by difficulties with basic activities of daily living according to the DSM-5?

<p>Moderate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom observed in severe levels of dementia according to the DSM-5?

<p>Agitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for establishing a substantial impairment in cognitive performance related to neurocognitive disorder?

<p>Standardized neuropsychological testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would indicate a significant cognitive deficit as per the provided text?

<p>Being unable to manage medications independently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of neurocognitive disorders, what condition can cognitive deficits not occur within?

<p>Delirium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would not be a valid cause for cognitive deficits as per the provided information?

<p>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible qualifier for specifying a cause under DSM-5 for neurocognitive disorders?

<p>Psychotic symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions could potentially co-occur with cognitive deficits in a patient according to the text?

<p>Alcohol Use Disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom observed in the third stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

<p>Florid psychosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional loss is often associated with a more advanced stage of dementia?

<p>Hygiene and incontinence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of psychosis in patients with dementia?

<p>Simple, paranoid claims about family and environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the cognitive changes in Clinical Course of DAT Stage 4?

<p>Severe dementia and complete dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is not mentioned in the text as a stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

<p>Stage 6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a predictor of a more rapid decline in dementia patients?

<p>Early identification of DAT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Beta-amyloid and aluminium silicate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain shows severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Basal forebrain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic metabolic change observed in Stage 1 of Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (DAT)?

<p>Bilateral metabolic temporoparietal hypoperfusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Alzheimer's disease, what results from the accumulation of tangles and amyloid plaques?

<p>Loss of synapses and cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter production is affected due to severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Acetylcholine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of cortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Widened cortical sulci (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of toxic neuronal inclusions in Parkinson's Disease and Lewy Body Dementia?

<p>Circular shape with a dense protein core and peripheral halo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subtype of Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) is known to have cognitive symptoms prior to or at the same time as parkinsonism?

<p>Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the male to female ratio in the onset of Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer's Disease?

<p>1.5:1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Lewy Body Dementia, what is the relative contribution of different pathologies like Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles?

<p>Relative contribution is unclear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurodegenerative condition is described as the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's Disease?

<p>Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes DLB (Diffuse Lewy Body Disease) from Parkinson's Disease regarding the development of cognitive symptoms?

<p>Cognitive symptoms develop after parkinsonism in PD (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Amyloid peptides and aluminium silicate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Alzheimer's disease, what is a common consequence of cortical atrophy?

<p>Enlarged ventricles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain shows severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Basal forebrain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Frontotemporal Dementia from Alzheimer's disease regarding cognitive symptoms?

<p>Altered personality and behavior are prominent features of Frontotemporal Dementia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of aphasia often seen in patients with Frontotemporal Dementia?

<p>Difficulty speaking or finding words (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involves Lewy bodies and neurofibrillary tangles along with significant amyloid-beta deposition?

<p>Alzheimer's Disease with Lewy Bodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is primarily associated with toxic neuronal inclusions in Parkinson's Disease and Lewy Body Dementia?

<p>Alpha-synuclein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease?

<p>Varied onset from 50s to 80s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of survival time, how does pure Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLB) compare to patients with Alzheimer's Disease?

<p>DLB patients have shorter survival times (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative contribution of different pathologies like Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles in Diffuse Lewy Body Disease and Diffuse Alzheimer's Type (DAT)?

<p>Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles are seen in both DLB and DAT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subtype of Lewy Body Dementia often has cognitive symptoms prior to or at the same time as parkinsonism?

<p>Parkinson’s disease with dementia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of neurodegenerative conditions, what distinguishes Fronto-temporal Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease?

<p>Development of aphasia instead of memory loss in FTD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom observed in the third stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

<p>Hallucinations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive function may be impaired in fronto-temporal dementia?

<p>Word-finding deficits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Alzheimer's disease, what symptom is commonly associated with the accumulation of tangles and amyloid plaques?

<p>Memory loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may be a predictor of more rapid decline in individuals with dementia?

<p>Florid psychosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is commonly associated with aphasia?

<p>Word-finding deficits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the early signs of Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD)?

<p>Declining initiative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does dry mouth in older adults make it harder to eat?

<p>It leads to difficulty in swallowing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of the stomach lining thinning in older adults?

<p>Higher likelihood of gastric reflux (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the loss of pain receptors in the stomach lining affect older adults?

<p>Makes the stomach more sensitive to acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are side effects in older adults often misdiagnosed as another illness?

<p>They mimic symptoms of different illnesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does decreased metabolism impact older adults?

<p>It contributes to slower processing of medications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced by older adults when it comes to dehydration?

<p>Excessive thirst perception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common prodromal symptom of delirium according to the text?

<p>Restlessness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can potentially cause or promote delirium in susceptible patients based on the text?

<p>Anticholinergics with high toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of hospitalized delirious patients are at risk of death due to underlying medical conditions or complications?

<p>20-25% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted as a precipitating risk factor for delirium according to the text?

<p>Polypharmacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the course of delirium from that of dementia based on the text?

<p>Delirium has a slower onset with systemic illness implications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized as a common feature of a successful treatment approach for delirium according to the text?

<p>Complete remission of symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Primary Progressive Aphasia variant of FTD from other subtypes?

<p>Exclusive impairment in language during the first two years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the Language Variant of FTD is accurate based on the information provided?

<p>Typically involves difficulties in reading and writing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable characteristic of Language Variant onset according to the text?

<p>Can remain confined to language impairment for over 15 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with the Language Variant of FTD?

<p>Memory loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence for patients with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) due to the condition's characteristics?

<p>Becoming mute as speech content decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment approach is highlighted for addressing emotional and behavioral symptoms in FTD?

<p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom experienced by individuals with language deficits in neurodegenerative diseases?

<p>Gradual decline in speech fluency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of language is commonly affected in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases?

<p>Word finding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do patients with neurodegenerative language deficits typically experience object knowledge decline?

<p>Gradual decline in object recognition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, what is a common issue faced by patients with language deficits related to memory?

<p>Difficulty forming new memories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes patients with Alzheimer's disease from those with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) in terms of cognitive symptoms?

<p>Memory decline and expressive language abilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might patients with neurodegenerative language deficits struggle with regarding communication?

<p>Clear speech fluency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic used to differentiate the Motor Variant of FTD from other movement disorders?

<p>Decreased gait and balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cognitive functions may be impaired in individuals with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)?

<p>Visual-spatial skills (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common psychological symptom associated with FTD with Motor Neuron Disease?

<p>Apathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subtype of FTD has at least seven different subtypes on its own?

<p>Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is particularly worrisome in individuals with the Motor Variant of FTD due to the increased risk of falls?

<p>Balance impairments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes FTD with Motor Neuron Disease from other subtypes of Fronto-Temporal Dementia?

<p>Motor neuron degeneration involvement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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