Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Diagnosis Criteria
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following cognitive domains may be affected in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Loss of ambulation
  • Impairment in social cognition (correct)
  • Psychotic symptoms
  • Loss of speech

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Complete loss of continence
  • Difficulty in managing medications
  • Preserved instrumental activities of daily living (correct)
  • No independence in everyday activities

    • What differentiates Major Neurocognitive Disorder from Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

  • Significant cognitive decline (correct)
  • Complete loss of sitting
  • Partial loss of ambulation
  • Presence of delirium

    • Which condition is specifically mentioned as not being a better explanation for cognitive deficits?

    <p>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain is less likely to be affected in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

    <p>Loss of sitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is highlighted as contributing to preserved independence in everyday activities in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder?

    <p>Use of compensatory strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is indicative of a severe level of dementia according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Loss of speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is categorized as a behavioral symptom in dementia?

    <p>Mood disturbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive domain is not impaired in NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease?

    <p>Perceptual-Motor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In NCD Due to Alzheimer’s Disease, when is probable Alzheimer’s Disease diagnosed?

    <p>All three specific criteria are met</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of severity in dementia is characterized by difficulties with basic activities of daily living according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Moderate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom observed in severe levels of dementia according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Agitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for establishing a substantial impairment in cognitive performance related to neurocognitive disorder?

    <p>Standardized neuropsychological testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would indicate a significant cognitive deficit as per the provided text?

    <p>Being unable to manage medications independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of neurocognitive disorders, what condition can cognitive deficits not occur within?

    <p>Delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would not be a valid cause for cognitive deficits as per the provided information?

    <p>Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible qualifier for specifying a cause under DSM-5 for neurocognitive disorders?

    <p>Psychotic symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions could potentially co-occur with cognitive deficits in a patient according to the text?

    <p>Alcohol Use Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom observed in the third stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

    <p>Florid psychosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional loss is often associated with a more advanced stage of dementia?

    <p>Hygiene and incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of psychosis in patients with dementia?

    <p>Simple, paranoid claims about family and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the cognitive changes in Clinical Course of DAT Stage 4?

    <p>Severe dementia and complete dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is not mentioned in the text as a stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

    <p>Stage 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a predictor of a more rapid decline in dementia patients?

    <p>Early identification of DAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Beta-amyloid and aluminium silicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain shows severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Basal forebrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic metabolic change observed in Stage 1 of Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (DAT)?

    <p>Bilateral metabolic temporoparietal hypoperfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Alzheimer's disease, what results from the accumulation of tangles and amyloid plaques?

    <p>Loss of synapses and cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter production is affected due to severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of cortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Widened cortical sulci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of toxic neuronal inclusions in Parkinson's Disease and Lewy Body Dementia?

    <p>Circular shape with a dense protein core and peripheral halo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) is known to have cognitive symptoms prior to or at the same time as parkinsonism?

    <p>Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the male to female ratio in the onset of Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>1.5:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Lewy Body Dementia, what is the relative contribution of different pathologies like Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles?

    <p>Relative contribution is unclear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurodegenerative condition is described as the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Diffuse Lewy Body Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes DLB (Diffuse Lewy Body Disease) from Parkinson's Disease regarding the development of cognitive symptoms?

    <p>Cognitive symptoms develop after parkinsonism in PD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Amyloid peptides and aluminium silicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Alzheimer's disease, what is a common consequence of cortical atrophy?

    <p>Enlarged ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain shows severe loss in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Basal forebrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Frontotemporal Dementia from Alzheimer's disease regarding cognitive symptoms?

    <p>Altered personality and behavior are prominent features of Frontotemporal Dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of aphasia often seen in patients with Frontotemporal Dementia?

    <p>Difficulty speaking or finding words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves Lewy bodies and neurofibrillary tangles along with significant amyloid-beta deposition?

    <p>Alzheimer's Disease with Lewy Bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is primarily associated with toxic neuronal inclusions in Parkinson's Disease and Lewy Body Dementia?

    <p>Alpha-synuclein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease?

    <p>Varied onset from 50s to 80s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of survival time, how does pure Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLB) compare to patients with Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>DLB patients have shorter survival times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relative contribution of different pathologies like Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles in Diffuse Lewy Body Disease and Diffuse Alzheimer's Type (DAT)?

    <p>Lewy bodies, plaques, and tangles are seen in both DLB and DAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of Lewy Body Dementia often has cognitive symptoms prior to or at the same time as parkinsonism?

    <p>Parkinson’s disease with dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of neurodegenerative conditions, what distinguishes Fronto-temporal Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Development of aphasia instead of memory loss in FTD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom observed in the third stage of Clinical Course of DAT?

    <p>Hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive function may be impaired in fronto-temporal dementia?

    <p>Word-finding deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Alzheimer's disease, what symptom is commonly associated with the accumulation of tangles and amyloid plaques?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may be a predictor of more rapid decline in individuals with dementia?

    <p>Florid psychosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is commonly associated with aphasia?

    <p>Word-finding deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the early signs of Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD)?

    <p>Declining initiative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does dry mouth in older adults make it harder to eat?

    <p>It leads to difficulty in swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of the stomach lining thinning in older adults?

    <p>Higher likelihood of gastric reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the loss of pain receptors in the stomach lining affect older adults?

    <p>Makes the stomach more sensitive to acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are side effects in older adults often misdiagnosed as another illness?

    <p>They mimic symptoms of different illnesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does decreased metabolism impact older adults?

    <p>It contributes to slower processing of medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue faced by older adults when it comes to dehydration?

    <p>Excessive thirst perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common prodromal symptom of delirium according to the text?

    <p>Restlessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can potentially cause or promote delirium in susceptible patients based on the text?

    <p>Anticholinergics with high toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of hospitalized delirious patients are at risk of death due to underlying medical conditions or complications?

    <p>20-25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is highlighted as a precipitating risk factor for delirium according to the text?

    <p>Polypharmacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the course of delirium from that of dementia based on the text?

    <p>Delirium has a slower onset with systemic illness implications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characterized as a common feature of a successful treatment approach for delirium according to the text?

    <p>Complete remission of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Primary Progressive Aphasia variant of FTD from other subtypes?

    <p>Exclusive impairment in language during the first two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding the Language Variant of FTD is accurate based on the information provided?

    <p>Typically involves difficulties in reading and writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of Language Variant onset according to the text?

    <p>Can remain confined to language impairment for over 15 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with the Language Variant of FTD?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence for patients with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) due to the condition's characteristics?

    <p>Becoming mute as speech content decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment approach is highlighted for addressing emotional and behavioral symptoms in FTD?

    <p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom experienced by individuals with language deficits in neurodegenerative diseases?

    <p>Gradual decline in speech fluency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of language is commonly affected in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases?

    <p>Word finding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do patients with neurodegenerative language deficits typically experience object knowledge decline?

    <p>Gradual decline in object recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, what is a common issue faced by patients with language deficits related to memory?

    <p>Difficulty forming new memories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes patients with Alzheimer's disease from those with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) in terms of cognitive symptoms?

    <p>Memory decline and expressive language abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might patients with neurodegenerative language deficits struggle with regarding communication?

    <p>Clear speech fluency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic used to differentiate the Motor Variant of FTD from other movement disorders?

    <p>Decreased gait and balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cognitive functions may be impaired in individuals with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)?

    <p>Visual-spatial skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychological symptom associated with FTD with Motor Neuron Disease?

    <p>Apathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of FTD has at least seven different subtypes on its own?

    <p>Progressive Supranuclear Palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is particularly worrisome in individuals with the Motor Variant of FTD due to the increased risk of falls?

    <p>Balance impairments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes FTD with Motor Neuron Disease from other subtypes of Fronto-Temporal Dementia?

    <p>Motor neuron degeneration involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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