Questions and Answers
What is the study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye called?
Anatomy
What term describes the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures?
Physiology
What is the basic unit of all living things, including bacteria, plants, and animals?
Cells
What is the jelly-like substance found inside cells called?
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What is the process of cell reproduction where a cell divides into two identical daughter cells called?
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What is the dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell called?
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What is the watery fluid surrounding the nucleus of the cell known as?
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What part of the cell encloses the protoplasm and controls substance entry and exit?
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What term describes a collection of similar cells that perform a specific function?
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What type of tissue serves as a protective covering on the body surface?
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What type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body?
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What is the fibrous tissue that binds, protects, and supports various body parts?
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What tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body while protecting internal organs?
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What type of tissue carries messages to and from the brain?
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Can you name examples of connective tissue?
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Can you name examples of epithelial tissue?
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What term is used for nerve tissue composed of specialized cells?
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What do we call structures composed of specialized tissue designed to perform specific functions in plants and animals?
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What system controls the movement of blood through the body?
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What system breaks down food into nutrients and waste?
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What system regulates hormone levels affecting growth, development, and health?
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What system is responsible for waste elimination and toxin buildup?
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What system provides a protective covering and regulates body temperature?
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What system protects the body from disease by developing immunities?
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What system covers, shapes, supports the skeleton, and allows movement?
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What system coordinates all other body systems for efficiency?
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What system produces offspring and transfers genetic material?
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What system makes blood and oxygen available to the body and eliminates carbon dioxide?
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What system forms the physical foundation of the body composed of how many bones?
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What are the two types of joints?
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Other than bone, what is the hardest tissue in the body?
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What do we call the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton?
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Can you name examples of movable joints?
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Can you give examples of immovable joints?
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How many bones are in the skeletal system?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy refers to the study of the structure of the human body visible to the naked eye.
- Physiology focuses on the functions and activities of body structures.
Cells and Protoplasm
- Cells are the fundamental units of all living organisms, including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans.
- Protoplasm is a jelly-like substance within cells containing proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water.
Cell Structures
- Mitosis is the process whereby a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
- The nucleus is the dense protoplasm at the cell's center, essential for cellular activities.
- Cytoplasm is the fluid surrounding the nucleus, crucial for growth and repair processes.
- The cell membrane encloses protoplasm, regulating the entry and exit of soluble substances.
Tissues and Their Types
- Tissues are collections of similar cells working together for a specific function.
- Epithelial tissue serves as a protective covering on body surfaces.
- Muscle tissue is responsible for movement of body parts.
- Connective tissue supports and binds other body tissues, providing protection.
- Adipose tissue gives contour and insulation, protecting internal organs.
- Nerve tissue transmits messages to and from the brain, coordinating bodily functions.
Examples of Tissues
- Connective tissues include bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose tissue, lymph, and blood.
- Epithelial tissue examples are skin, mucous membranes, mouth tissue, and linings of the heart, digestive, and respiratory glands.
Neurons and Organs
- Neurons are specialized cells that form the nerves, brain, and spinal cord.
- Organs are structures made of specialized tissues performing specific functions in plants and animals.
Body Systems
- The circulatory system manages blood movement throughout the body.
- The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients and waste.
- The endocrine system regulates hormone levels for growth and health.
- The excretory system removes waste and toxins from the body.
- The integumentary system provides a protective covering and regulates temperature.
- The immune (lymphatic) system protects against disease by developing immunities.
- The muscular system shapes and allows for movement of the skeleton.
- The nervous system coordinates all body systems for efficient functioning.
- The reproductive system enables the production of offspring and genetic material transfer.
- The respiratory system supplies blood and oxygen while eliminating carbon dioxide.
- The skeletal system forms the body's physical framework, consisting of 206 bones.
Joint Types
- There are two joint types: movable (e.g., elbows, knees, hips) and immovable (e.g., skull, pelvis).
- The skeletal system comprises 206 bones, serving as connections between bones through joints.
Additional Tissue Facts
- The tissue forming the majority of teeth is the hardest tissue in the body, aside from bone.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 6 from the Milady workbook with these flashcards. This quiz covers important concepts in anatomy and physiology, including the study of body structures and functions. Perfect for students preparing for exams in the field of health and beauty.
