Milady Chapter 8 Flashcards
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Skin care specialists are in high demand in many salons and spas and earn excellent salaries.

True

List the reasons a cosmetologist should study and have a thorough understanding of skin disorders and diseases.

  1. Understanding the underlying structure of the skin and common skin problems is crucial for providing skin care services. 2) Essential for recognizing skin disorders and knowing when to refer clients for medical treatment. 3) Being qualified to offer skin care treatments enhances the service offered to clients.

A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails is called a?

dermatologist

What should you do if a new client has an inflamed red rash on her chin that she says is 'nothing'?

<p>Tell her kindly that you cannot perform a facial without a note from her doctor permitting the service</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain your answer to question 4.

<p>It may be a long-term inflammation which may leave scars and damage to the tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs is known as a?

<p>lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of lesions?

<ol> <li>Primary lesion 2) Secondary skin lesions</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is a bulla?

<p>Large blister containing a watery fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cyst?

<p>Closed, abnormally developed sac that contains pus, semifluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a macule?

<p>Flat spot or discolouration on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nodule?

<p>A solid bump larger than 0.4 inches (1 cm) that can be easily felt</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a papule?

<p>A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pustule?

<p>Raised, inflamed, papule with a white or yellow center containing pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a tumour?

<p>Abnormal mass varying in size, shape, and colour</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a vesicle?

<p>Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a wheal?

<p>Itchy, swollen lesion that can be caused by a blow, scratch, insect bite, or urticaria, or the sting of a nettle</p> Signup and view all the answers

A freckle is an example of a?

<p>Macule</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following primary lesions requires a medical referral?

<p>Bulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

_ lesions are characterized by piles of material on the surface or by depressions in the skin surface.

<p>Secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crust?

<p>Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is excoriation?

<p>Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fissure?

<p>Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a keloid?

<p>A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a scale?

<p>Thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a scar?

<p>Slightly raised or depressed area of the skin that forms as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ulcer?

<p>Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cicatrix?

<p>Scar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a fissure?

<p>A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crust in dermatology?

<p>Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing; accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ulcer in medical terms?

<p>Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body; accompanied by loss of skin depth and possible weeping of fluids or pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a scale in dermatology?

<p>Thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is excoriation in terms of skin?

<p>Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a keloid in dermatology?

<p>A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should remove a skin tag for a client?

<p>A dermatologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

Verruca can spread from one location to another, particularly along a scratch in the skin.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why skin cancer has become one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths.

<p>The general complacency about prevention and a lack of knowledge about the signs and real risks, particularly in young people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of skin cancer and is it severe?

<p>Basal cell carcinoma; it is the least severe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes squamous cell carcinoma?

<p>It is more serious and is often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most dangerous form of skin cancer?

<p>Malignant melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

The least common form of skin cancer is?

<p>Malignant melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the cosmetologist in detecting skin cancer.

<p>Cosmetologists serve a unique role by recognizing the appearance of serious skin disorders and referring the client to a dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the parts of the ABCDE Cancer Checklist.

<p>A: Asymmetry; B: Border Irregularity; C: Colour; D: Diameter; E: Evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acne is considered both a skin _ and a(n) _ problem.

<p>disorder; esthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acne may occur in a person of any age.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main predispositions to acne?

<ol> <li>Heredity 2) Hormones</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What causes sebum to harden?

<p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the four basic ways to treat minor forms of acne.

<ol> <li>Daily use of gentle cleansers. 2) Follicle exfoliants help remove cell buildup. 3) Avoidance of fatty skin care products. 4) Use of a light moisturizer to keep the skin balanced.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What does noncomedogenic mean?

<p>A product that has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate for a salon professional to treat a mild or moderate case of acne?

<p>When a salon professional has received specialized education in acne treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define intrinsic factors that influence skin aging and give three examples.

<p>Skin aging factors over which we have little control. 1) Genetics and ethnicity. 2) Predisposition to skin disorders and tolerance to sun exposure. 3) Gravitational pull.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe extrinsic factors that influence skin aging and give six examples.

<p>Primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging. 1) Exposure to the sun. 2) Smoking. 3) Overuse of alcohol. 4) Stress. 5) Poor nutrition. 6) Exposure to pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why smoking and drinking, when done together, can be damaging to the skin.

<p>They cause dilation and contraction of capillaries, leading to oxygen deprivation in tissues, making the skin appear lifeless.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eating a well-balanced diet allows for all body systems to function at maximum performance and _ the fragile tissues of the skin.

<p>nourish</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best defense against pollutants affecting the skin?

<p>Follow a good daily skin care routine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Damage done by lifestyle habits can be impossible to repair or diminish.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Care Specialists

  • High demand for skin care specialists in salons and spas
  • Excellent salary potential for professionals in this field

Importance of Understanding Skin Disorders

  • Essential to grasp skin structure for effective basic care
  • Recognizing when to refer clients for medical treatment is crucial
  • Enhanced qualifications allow offering a broader range of skin care services

Dermatologist

  • A doctor who specializes in skin, hair, and nail diseases

Client Consultation Best Practices

  • Do not perform services on clients with visible skin issues without a doctor's note

Lesions and Types

  • A lesion indicates injury or tissue change
  • Two lesion types: primary and secondary

Characteristics of Different Skin Marks

  • Bulla: large blister with fluid
  • Cyst/Tubercle: abnormal sacs containing pus or morbid matter
  • Macule: flat discolored spot on the skin
  • Nodule: solid bump larger than 1 cm
  • Papule: small elevation without fluid
  • Pustule: inflamed papule with pus
  • Tumour: abnormal mass of varying size and color
  • Vesicle: small clear fluid sac within the skin
  • Wheal: itchy swollen lesion from various causes

Skin Conditions

  • A freckle is a type of macule
  • Bulla may require medical referral
  • Secondary lesions have surface buildup or depressions

Healing and Scarring

  • Crust: dead cells over healing wounds
  • Excoriation: skin abrasion from scratching
  • Fissure: skin crack reaching the dermis
  • Keloid: thick scar from excessive tissue growth
  • Scale: thin, flaky skin

Skin Growths and Abnormalities

  • A nevus: skin malformation from pigmentation or capillary issues
  • Moles: small brownish spots
  • Skin tags: harmless brown or flesh-colored outgrowths
  • Verruca: warts caused by epidermal hypertrophy

Skin Cancer Awareness

  • Most common skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma; least severe
  • Squamous cell carcinoma is more serious with distinct characteristics
  • Malignant melanoma is the most dangerous and least common
  • Cosmetologists play a key role in early detection and referral

Skin Aging Factors

  • Intrinsic factors are genetics, sun exposure tolerance, gravitational pull, and repeated facial expressions
  • Extrinsic factors include sun exposure, smoking, alcohol, and pollution
  • Lifestyle habits like smoking and drinking can severely damage skin

Nutrition and Skin Health

  • A balanced diet is vital for overall body function and skin nourishment
  • Effective daily skin care routine protects against pollutant damage

Acne and Skin Conditions

  • Acne is both a skin disorder and an aesthetic issue, can occur at any age
  • Predisposition factors include heredity and hormonal changes
  • Treatments include gentle cleansers, exfoliants, and avoiding heavy products
  • Noncomedogenic products do not clog pores

Skin Pigmentation Conditions

  • Dyschromias: abnormal skin coloration
  • Hyperpigmentation: dark patches on skin
  • Hypopigmentation: light or white splotches
  • Albinism: lack of melanin
  • Chloasma: spots of hyperpigmentation
  • Vitiligo: hereditary condition causing milky white patches

Lifestyle Impact on Skin Health

  • Lifestyle damage can be reversed, contrary to popular belief
  • Focus on good daily routines for skin health and damage prevention

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Milady Chapter 8. This chapter focuses on skin care specialists, their roles, and the importance of understanding skin disorders and diseases. Perfect for cosmetology students and professionals alike.

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