COPY: Milady Chapter 6 Chemistry Exam
38 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)?

  • Energy
  • Light
  • Matter (correct)
  • Heat

How many of the 118 elements are naturally occurring on Earth?

98

Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter?

  • Atoms (correct)
  • Molecules
  • Cells
  • Ions

What element is represented by the symbol H?

<p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of an elemental molecule is ___________.

<p>atmospheric oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

As the basic unit of matter, __________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.

<p>atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties?

<p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a physical change is __________.

<p>ice melting to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a chemical change is __________.

<p>the oxidation of haircolor products</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?

<p>Salt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________, also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen.

<p>bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

A __________ is a stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance.

<p>solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension?

<p>surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is __________.

<p>cold cream</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services.

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tail of a surfactant molecule is __________, or oil loving.

<p>lipophilic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nail polish, with glitter that can separate from the polish, is an example of a(n) __________.

<p>suspension</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water-in-oil emulsions feel __________ than oil-in-water emulsions.

<p>greasier</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ingredient is used to raise the pH in hair products?

<p>Ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily.

<p>carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide?

<p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pH scale is _________.

<p>logarithmic</p> Signup and view all the answers

A(n) __________ charged ion is called an anion.

<p>negatively</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline __________ solutions.

<p>water-based</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a pH below 7 indicate?

<p>an acidic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The letters pH denote __________, which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

<p>potential hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have ___________.

<p>pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average pH for hair and skin?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alkalis tend to __________ the hair.

<p>swell</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.

<p>Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is __________.

<p>oxidized</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) __________ reaction.

<p>redox</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur?

<p>endothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt?

<p>acid--alkali neutralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contains _________ categories of information.

<p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), which category would include risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects?

<p>toxicological information</p> Signup and view all the answers

As part of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects, as well as ___________.

<p>first aid instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

The location you use for mixing chemicals must be __________.

<p>well ventilated</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is matter?

Anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight).

How many elements occur naturally?

98 out of the 118 elements found on the periodic table occur naturally on Earth.

What are atoms?

The basic building blocks of all matter.

What element is represented by 'H'?

Hydrogen is the simplest element, represented by the symbol H.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is an elemental molecule?

An elemental molecule is made up of only one type of atom. Atmospheric oxygen (O2) is a good example.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is an atom?

The basic unit of matter, considered the smallest particle of an element that can exist and still retain the chemical properties of that element.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are chemical changes?

Changes in the chemical composition of a substance. They involve the making or breaking of chemical bonds.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are physical changes?

Changes in the physical form or appearance of a substance, but not its chemical composition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a pure substance?

A chemically pure substance composed of only one type of atom or molecule, like salt.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are bases?

Compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen. They are also known as alkalis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a solution?

A stable, uniform mixture of two or more mixable substances where one substance is dissolved into another.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a surfactant?

A substance that allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a water-in-oil emulsion?

An emulsion where tiny droplets of water are dispersed throughout an oil base.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are emulsions?

Emulsions are mixtures of two or more immiscible substances, often used in beauty services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a surfactant's tail?

The tail of a surfactant molecule is attracted to oil. It's 'oil loving'.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a suspension?

A mixture where particles of one substance are dispersed throughout another, but can separate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How do water-in-oil emulsions feel?

Oil-in-water emulsions are typically lighter and less greasy than water-in-oil emulsions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What raises pH in hair products?

Ammonia is commonly used to raise the pH level in hair products.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?

Organic compounds containing carbon are readily volatile, evaporating easily.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is oxidation?

A chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to form an oxide.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the pH scale?

The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each value represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is an anion?

A negatively charged ion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the pH scale measure?

The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in water-based solutions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does a pH below 7 mean?

A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does pH stand for?

Potential hydrogen. It reflects the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Do non-water solutions have pH?

Non-water solutions like alcohols or oils don't have a measurable pH.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What's the average pH for hair and skin?

The average pH for hair and skin is 5.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What do alkalis do to hair?

Alkalis tend to swell the hair, making it more porous.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is reduction?

Reduction is the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What happens when a substance is oxidised?

When a substance combines with oxygen chemically, it is oxidised.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are oxidation and reduction together called?

Oxidation and reduction always happen together. It's called a redox reaction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is an endothermic reaction?

A chemical reaction where energy is absorbed from the environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is acid--alkali neutralization?

An acid--alkali neutralization reaction balances pH and produces water and a salt.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How many categories are in an SDS?

The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provides 16 categories of information about the hazards and safe handling of chemicals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the 'Toxicological information' section in an SDS cover?

On an SDS, Toxicological information includes risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the 'First-aid measures' section in an SDS cover?

First-aid measures on an SDS include instructions on how to handle emergencies related to chemical exposure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where should you mix chemicals?

The chemical mixing area should be well-ventilated to prevent the build-up of harmful fumes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Chemical Safety and Hazards Quiz
10 questions
Chemical Safety Guidelines Quiz
3 questions
Chemical Safety and Physics Terms Quiz
5 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser