Questions and Answers
What is the innermost layer of the hair composed of?
Round
The Greek word 'trichos' means 'hair'.
True
What is the sudden falling out of hair in round patches called?
Alopecia areata
What part of the hair is attached to the cuticle?
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The sebaceous glands contain the blood and nerve supply needed for hair growth.
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From where do hair cells originate?
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What type of bond is a weak, physical, cross-link between polypeptide chains?
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What is the term for an acute bacterial infection of the hair follicle that causes pain?
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What are the three growth cycles of human hair?
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You should perform a service on a client who has seborrheic dermatitis.
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The complete loss of all body hair is known as alopecia totalis.
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What is the final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the hair is shed?
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Vellus hair is not pigmented and almost never has a medulla.
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What condition is characterized by brittleness and nodular swellings along the hair shaft?
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What major elements make up human hair?
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What is the scientific study of hair and its diseases?
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What part of the hair is located below the surface of the epidermis?
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What is the outermost layer of hair called?
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What oily substance lubricates the hair and skin?
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What is the growth phase during which new hair is produced?
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What is the medical term for ringworm?
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What is the temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy called?
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What is the technical term for brittle hair?
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What are long, coiled, complex polypeptides made of?
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What refers to the shape of the hair strand?
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What is vellus hair also known as?
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What does the term density refer to in hair?
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What is an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice called?
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What is the medical term used to describe dandruff?
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What should dry hair and scalp be treated with?
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What is referred to as hair texture?
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What are the three different types of side bonds?
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What is the ability of the hair to absorb moisture called?
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What is a highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called?
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What is the substance secreted by the sebaceous glands called?
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What type of melanin provides brown or black color to hair?
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What is the tiny muscle fiber in the skin at the base of the hair follicle known as?
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The body produces the 20 amino acids that make up hair.
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Which of the following terms is used to describe hair's wave pattern?
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What is the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length called?
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What type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?
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Eumelanin provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones.
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Which of the following scalp disorders is characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp?
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What is a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds called?
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What is the condition of abnormal hair growth of terminal hair referred to as?
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What units of structure build protein and are joined together like pop beads?
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What are the hair, skin, nails, and glands collectively known as?
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What kind of solution do chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require?
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A peptide bond is reformed by drying or cooling.
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What is the nonliving fiber composed of that emerges from the scalp?
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What is tinea characterized by?
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What is the technical term for split ends?
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What fungus causes dandruff?
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What do permanent waving and hair relaxers chemically alter?
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What is the small, cone-shaped area at the base of the hair follicle called?
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What pigment provides all natural hair color located in the cortex?
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What type of bond is easily broken by water and heat?
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What is the thickened, club-like structure formed at the lowest part of the hair root called?
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What do hydroxide chemical relaxers convert disulfide bonds into?
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The hair cuticle consists of overlapping, scale-like cells resembling shingles on a roof.
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What is formed when hair flows in the same direction due to follicles sloping in that direction?
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What is the fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells that contain melanin pigment called?
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Which layer of the hair shaft creates shine and a smooth feel?
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Which of the following is not one of the five main structures of the hair root?
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Hair is approximately 60 percent protein.
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What is the technical term for gray hair?
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What severe type of dandruff is associated with greasy or waxy scalp scales?
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What is the pocket or tube-like depression that contains the hair root called?
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Study Notes
Hair Structure and Composition
- The medulla is the innermost layer of hair, consisting of round cells.
- Hair is primarily made of proteins that originate from the hair follicle.
- Hair growth involves three cycles: anagen (growth phase), catagen (transitional phase), and telogen (resting and shedding phase).
- Key components of human hair include COHNS elements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
Hair Disorders and Conditions
- Alopecia areata refers to sudden hair loss in round patches.
- Seborrheic dermatitis: services should not be performed on clients with this condition.
- Postpartum alopecia describes temporary hair loss following pregnancy.
- Trichorrhexis nodosa is characterized by brittleness and nodular swellings along the hair shaft.
- Tinea is a fungal infection causing itchy, painful circular lesions.
Hair Follicle and Growth
- The hair root is found below the epidermis, while the outer layer is called the cuticle.
- The dermal papilla is a small, cone-shaped area at the hair follicle's base, crucial for hair growth.
- Vellus hair is fine and almost colorless, often referred to as lanugo hair.
Hair Health and Treatments
- Eumelanin contributes to brown and black hair color, while melanin provides natural hair color overall.
- Sebum is the oily substance produced by sebaceous glands that lubricates hair and skin.
- Pityriasis is the medical term for dandruff; pityriasis steatoides indicates severe dandruff with greasy scales.
Chemical Properties and Bonds
- The major types of side bonds in hair are hydrogen, salt, and disulfide bonds.
- Hydrogen bonds are easily broken by water and heat, while salt bonds are affected by changes in pH.
- Lanthionine bonds result from the action of hydroxide chemical relaxers that break down disulfide bonds.
Hair Characteristics
- Porosity measures hair's ability to absorb moisture; elasticity indicates hair's ability to stretch without breaking.
- Density refers to the number of hair strands per square inch on the scalp.
- Texture describes the thickness or diameter of individual hair strands.
- Wave pattern denotes the shape of hair strands, categorized as curly, straight, or extremely curly.
Additional Terminology
- Trichology is the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care.
- Fragilitas crinium is the technical term for brittle hair, while trichoptilosis refers to split ends.
- Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by a mite infestation.
- The hair cuticle consists of overlapping, transparent cells that create shine and a smooth feel.
Misconceptions to Note
- Hair is approximately 90% protein, contradicting the belief that it is only 60% protein.
- Eumelanin does not provide colors ranging from red to blond; that is attributed to different types of melanin.
Hair Health Maintenance
- Dry hair should be treated with moisturizers and emollients.
- Chemical services for low porosity hair need a more alkaline solution for effective treatment.
- Regular examination and knowledge of scalp and hair conditions are essential for maintaining healthy hair and avoiding common disorders.
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Description
Test your knowledge with flashcards from Milady Chapter 11. This chapter focuses on the anatomy of hair, including its layers and conditions related to hair loss. Perfect for beauty and cosmetology students preparing for their exams.
