Migraine and Tension-Type Headache Management

<p>Sedation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flunarizine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Start treatment as soon as possible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When analgesics are used more than 15 days per month. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetaminophen with codeine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limit to no more than 15 days of use per month. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive-behavioral therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initiate pharmacological treatment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 days per month (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Start with a low dose and gradually increase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetaminophen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When analgesics and NSAIDs are ineffective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metoclopramide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shortness of breath (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>120 mg/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overuse of medications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ischemic heart disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>24 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triptans + NSAIDs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnancy or breastfeeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serotonin syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using them less than 10 days a month (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have demonstrated efficacy for migraines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiating primary and secondary headaches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydration therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severity, characteristics, history, onset, location, associated symptoms, remedies, and exacerbating factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiation based on frequency and duration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Headache disorders have a wide prevalence across various age groups. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aura must consist of visual, sensory, and/or speech/language symptoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15-180 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring medication adherence and effectiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Is induced by withdrawal from pain relief medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aura symptoms include severe bilateral pain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mild headache without any other symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15-20% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitroglycerin and alcohol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 2 attacks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predominantly males (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary headache disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Headache disorders are categorized into primary and secondary types.

Headaches not caused by an underlying medical condition.

Includes evaluating pain intensity, frequency, onset, and recent medication changes.

Describes the severity of the headache pain (e.g., mild, moderate, severe).

Determines if the headache is new or ongoing.

Identifies recent alterations in medications that might be contributing to headache.

Consideration of hydration level to rule out dehydration potentially causing headaches.

Alert signals requiring immediate medical attention, indicating potential for a serious underlying cause.

A type of headache with aura symptoms (visual, sensory, or speech problems, reversible) that precede or are followed by a headache.

Visual, sensory, or speech/language symptoms that occur before or with a headache, and are fully reversible.

Severe, recurring headaches, typically on one side of the head.

Most common between the ages of 20 and 40, but can occur at any age.

At least 5 attacks of severe or very severe unilateral pain.

Cluster headaches that have periods of remission.

Cluster headaches that do not have periods of remission.

Migraine headaches that are not a symptom of another condition

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen or naproxen, are the initial treatments for acute migraine.

Triptans are a class of medications used to treat migraine when first-line therapies are ineffective.

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can be used for migraine, potentially in combination with other remedies.

Repetitive use of NSAIDs for migraines is not recommended, due to potential side effects from overuse.

Ketorolac is a potent NSAID and is administered via injection. It's used in a hospital setting to control severe migraine pain.

TTH is treated with analgesics like NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen), aspirin, or acetaminophen, often combined with caffeine. Analgesic use should be limited to avoid medication overuse headache (MOH).

A secondary headache caused by frequent use of pain relievers.

TTH prophylaxis is treatment to prevent attacks when the frequency or severity requires it.

Consider prophylaxis if headache attacks are frequent (more than 15 days per month , or 2 days/week), or severe and disabling.

Quick treatment to stop a headache attack.

Underlying reasons for a headache besides tension-type headaches (TTH).

Includes patient education, reassurance, trigger avoidance, ice packs, and relaxation techniques.

Start treatment low, adjust slowly, use long-acting drugs for better adherence, and taper dose if attack-free for 6-12 months.

These are painkillers that combine codeine or tramadol with other medications, like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. They are often used for moderate to severe pain.

These painkillers contain butalbital, a barbiturate, in combination with other pain relievers. They are often used for headaches and migraines, but can be addictive if misused.

This is a type of headache that happens when people overuse pain medications, even over-the-counter ones. This can make headaches worse and even lead to dependence.

This refers to taking medication regularly to prevent migraine headaches from occurring. It's like taking a daily vitamin to help prevent getting sick.

These are a common first-line treatment for migraine prevention. They work by slowing down the heart and relaxing blood vessels, which can help prevent migraines.

Medications used to treat migraine headaches by constricting blood vessels.

Moderate to severe migraines, when pain relievers (analgesics) or anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) are ineffective.

Conditions like ischemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or severe migraines (basilar or hemiplegic) that prevent triptan use due to potential harm.

Conditions like uncontrolled high blood pressure, pregnancy, and smoking that could make triptan use riskier.

A maximum of 15 days per month for a maximum safety benefit.

Do not take triptans within 24 hours of other triptans or ergot medications due to increased vasoconstriction risk.

Possible side effects include fatigue, dizziness, paresthesia (numbness), nausea, abdominal pain, and chest discomfort.

Several different triptans exist, all proven effective, with minimal differences between each medication.