Midgut Derivatives and Pyloric Stenosis
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Questions and Answers

Which structure suspends the midgut loop from the dorsal abdominal wall?

  • Umbilical vesicle
  • Mesentery (correct)
  • Omphaloenteric duct
  • Superior mesenteric artery

    • What is the reason for physiologic umbilical herniation during the sixth week of development?

  • Insufficient space in the abdominal cavity due to the growing liver and kidneys (correct)
  • Narrowing of the omphaloenteric duct
  • Rapid elongation of the midgut loop
  • Abnormal fusion of the mesentery

    • What structures are derivatives of the midgut?

  • Jejunum, ileum, cecum
  • Appendix, descending colon, sigmoid colon
  • Sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal
  • Cecum, ascending colon, left half of the transverse colon (correct)

    • What allows communication between the midgut loop and the umbilical vesicle?

    <p>Omphaloenteric duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the derivatives of the midgut?

    <p>Superior mesenteric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes projectile vomiting in case of stomach obstruction?

    <p>Distention of the stomach with forceful expulsion of contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure initially closes the cranial end of the primordial gut?

    <p>Oropharyngeal membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure initially closes the caudal end of the primordial gut?

    <p>Cloacal membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the adult anal canal is derived from the hindgut?

    <p>The superior two-thirds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the adult anal canal is derived from the anal pit (proctodeum)?

    <p>The inferior one-third</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic layer gives rise to the epithelium at the cranial ends of the alimentary tract?

    <p>Ectoderm of the stomodeum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic layer gives rise to the muscular and connective tissue layers of the alimentary tract?

    <p>Splanchnic mesenchyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure develops from the cecal swelling (diverticulum) during the sixth week of development?

    <p>The appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the unequal growth of the walls of the cecum after birth?

    <p>The appendix enters the medial side of the cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common birth defect related to the rotation of the midgut?

    <p>Malrotation of the gut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of nonrotation of the midgut (left-sided colon)?

    <p>The small intestine lies on the right side of the abdomen, and the entire large intestine lies on the left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial appearance of the cecum and appendix during development?

    <p>The cecum appears as a small diverticulum (pouch) on the antimesenteric border of the caudal limb of the midgut loop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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