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Midgut Derivatives and Pyloric Stenosis

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Questions and Answers

Which structure suspends the midgut loop from the dorsal abdominal wall?

Umbilical vesicle

Mesentery (correct)

Omphaloenteric duct

Superior mesenteric artery

What is the reason for physiologic umbilical herniation during the sixth week of development?

Insufficient space in the abdominal cavity due to the growing liver and kidneys (correct)

Narrowing of the omphaloenteric duct

Rapid elongation of the midgut loop

Abnormal fusion of the mesentery

What structures are derivatives of the midgut?

Jejunum, ileum, cecum

Appendix, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal

Cecum, ascending colon, left half of the transverse colon (correct)

What allows communication between the midgut loop and the umbilical vesicle?

Omphaloenteric duct Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the derivatives of the midgut?

Superior mesenteric artery Signup and view all the answers

What causes projectile vomiting in case of stomach obstruction?

Distention of the stomach with forceful expulsion of contents Signup and view all the answers

Which structure initially closes the cranial end of the primordial gut?

Oropharyngeal membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which structure initially closes the caudal end of the primordial gut?

Cloacal membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the adult anal canal is derived from the hindgut?

The superior two-thirds Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the adult anal canal is derived from the anal pit (proctodeum)?

The inferior one-third Signup and view all the answers

Which embryonic layer gives rise to the epithelium at the cranial ends of the alimentary tract?

Ectoderm of the stomodeum Signup and view all the answers

Which embryonic layer gives rise to the muscular and connective tissue layers of the alimentary tract?

Splanchnic mesenchyme Signup and view all the answers

Which structure develops from the cecal swelling (diverticulum) during the sixth week of development?

The appendix Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the unequal growth of the walls of the cecum after birth?

The appendix enters the medial side of the cecum Signup and view all the answers

What is a common birth defect related to the rotation of the midgut?

Malrotation of the gut Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of nonrotation of the midgut (left-sided colon)?

The small intestine lies on the right side of the abdomen, and the entire large intestine lies on the left. Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial appearance of the cecum and appendix during development?

The cecum appears as a small diverticulum (pouch) on the antimesenteric border of the caudal limb of the midgut loop. Signup and view all the answers