Middle East Religions Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of these are major religions of the Middle East? (Select all that apply)

  • Judaism (correct)
  • Hinduism
  • Islam (correct)
  • Christianity (correct)

What is monotheism?

Belief in a single God.

What is the symbol of Christianity?

The cross or crucifix.

What are the symbols of Judaism?

<p>The Star of David and the Menorah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol of Islam?

<p>The Crescent Moon and Star.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the holy book of Christianity called?

<p>The Holy Bible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most sacred text of Judaism?

<p>The Torah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the holy book of Islam called?

<p>The Qur'an.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Diaspora refer to?

<p>The scattering of people who have a common background or beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Sunni?

<p>One of the two branches of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Shiite?

<p>One of the two major Muslim sects that believe that the descendants of Muhammad's daughter and son-in-law, Ali, are the true Muslim leaders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Jesus Christ?

<p>A teacher and prophet whose life and teachings form the basis of Christianity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Prophet Muhammad?

<p>The founder of Islam, believed to be the last true prophet sent by God.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Abraham?

<p>The founder of Judaism who led his family from Ur to Canaan in obedience to God's command.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mecca known for?

<p>The holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Jerusalem recognized for?

<p>Capital and largest city of the modern state of Israel; also a holy city for Christians, Jews, and Muslims.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Medina known for?

<p>The second holiest city; where Muhammad lived after fleeing Mecca.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

<p>Charity, Daily Prayer, Profession of Faith, Fasting during Ramadan, and a pilgrimage to Mecca called the hajj.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Dome of the Rock?

<p>An Islamic shrine in Jerusalem; believed to be the site where Muhammad ascended to Heaven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Major Religions of the Middle East

  • Major religions include Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.
  • All three religions are monotheistic, believing in a single God.

Symbols of Religions

  • Christianity: The cross or crucifix serves as its symbol.
  • Judaism: The Star of David and the Menorah represent this faith.
  • Islam: The Crescent Moon and Star are significant symbols.

Sacred Texts

  • Christianity: The Holy Bible is the sacred book.
  • Judaism: The Torah is considered the most sacred text.
  • Islam: The Qur'an is the holy book, seen as the revelation of God to Muhammad.

Diaspora

  • Refers to the scattering of people sharing a common background or beliefs, notably the Jewish diaspora.

Branches of Islam

  • Sunni: One branch that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad.
  • Shiite: Believes true leaders are the descendants of Muhammad’s daughter and son-in-law, Ali.

Important Figures

  • Jesus Christ: Central figure in Christianity, regarded as the Son of God and a prophet.
  • Prophet Muhammad: Founder of Islam and considered the last prophet; he authored the Qur'an based on God’s revelations.
  • Abraham: Known as the founder of Judaism, he led his family to Canaan as per divine instruction.

Holy Cities

  • Mecca: Recognized as Islam's holiest city, it is the birthplace of Muhammad.
  • Jerusalem: The capital of Israel and a sacred city for Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
  • Medina: The second holiest city in Islam, where Muhammad lived after leaving Mecca.

Five Pillars of Islam

  • Fundamental practices for Muslims, including:
    • Charity (Zakat)
    • Daily prayer (Salah)
    • Profession of Faith (Shahada)
    • Fasting during Ramadan (Sawm)
    • Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

Dome of the Rock

  • An Islamic shrine in Jerusalem, believed to be where Muhammad ascended to Heaven.

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