Middle East Introduction and Major Religions

52 Questions

Match the following regions with their continents:

Turkey = Europe Arabian Peninsula = Africa Whole region = Asia

Match the following religions with their origins in the Middle East:

Judaism = Middle East Christianity = Middle East Islam = Middle East

Match the Five Pillars of Islam with their descriptions:

The Creed = There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet Pray 5X a day (facing Mecca) = Daily prayer direction Almsgiving = Charitable donation Fasting (During the holy month of Ramadan) = Period of abstaining from food and drink

Match the following historical events with their outcomes:

Jewish temple was destroyed in AD 70 by the Romans = Destruction of Jewish temple Muslims took over the traditional temple site and built the Dome of the Rock = Construction of the Dome of the Rock Christians tried to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1095 (Pope Urban) = Unsuccessful Christian attempt to liberate Jerusalem Today Christians visit the Sea of Galilea, the Garden of Gethsemane, and other holy sites = Christian pilgrimage sites

Match the environmental issue with its corresponding cause:

Increased salinity of sea water = Desalination Chemical waste = Household and human waste High levels of chemicals, dust, and other particles = Pollution from petroleum and automobiles Coastal degradation = Erosion

Match the environmental issue with its potential solution:

Air pollution = Increase clean energy production Deforestation = Plant trees Improper disposal of trash = Reclaim portions of the desert Water pollution = Increase clean energy production

Match the treatment of women in the Middle East with its related factor:

Religion = Plays a role in treatment of women Erosion = Plays a role in treatment of women Coastal degradation = Plays a role in treatment of women Household and human waste = Plays a role in treatment of women

Match the following landforms with their corresponding description:

Plains and plateaus = Flat expanses of land Coastal plains = Low-lying flat areas along a coast Plateaus = Elevated flat-topped areas Highlands = Areas of elevated terrain

Match the bodies of water with their respective locations:

Tigris River = Iraq Euphrates River = Iraq and Syria Jordan River = Israel and Jordan Mediterranean Sea = Surrounding countries like Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Egypt

Match the countries with their corresponding government type:

Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel = Representative democracies or republics Syria = Unitary republic in name only Jordan = Constitutional monarchy Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar = Absolute monarchies

Match the Middle Eastern food items with their descriptions:

Dates = Sweet fruit Baklava = Flaky pastry with honey Kebap = Roasted meat Maqlubbeh = "Upside down" casserole of meat, veggies, and rice

Match the following beliefs with their respective religions:

Monotheism = Judaism The Five Pillars (Reciting the creed, Prayer, Fasting, Alms giving, Pilgrimage) = Islam The Talmud = Judaism Jihad ("Holy war") = Islam

Match the countries with their economic system:

Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan = Free-market economies Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar = Mixed economies Israel = "Kibbutz" - a collective community where labor, housing, and resources are shared Yemen = "Subsidized health care with personal copay"

Match the resources with the countries known for them:

Petroleum and natural gas = Abundant in many Middle Eastern nations Bahrain's natural resources largely depleted = Bahrain Khat (a narcotic shrub) = Yemen Medical tourism destination = 'Wealthy nations' in the Middle East

Match the interactions with the environment with their corresponding outcomes:

Poor farming methods and deforestation = Resulted in crowded cities and overuse of land and water resources. Tectonic activity = Common in the Middle East region. Wadis = Dry streambeds that fill up with water after rainstorms. Persecution of religious minorities = Occurs in many Muslim-dominated countries.

Match the following social aspects with their corresponding descriptions:

Extended family = Central focus of social activities Male family leader = Has great authority and makes important decisions within the family Folk dances = Common social activity in the Middle East region. Women's expectations in Muslim societies = Expected to wear a covering; Limited education opportunities.

Match the regions of the Middle East with their primary climate characteristics:

Eastern Mediterranean Coastal plains = More rainfall near coastal regions and large bodies of water. Persian Gulf Coastal plains = Hot and dry climate over most of this region. Red Sea = Area where wadis are common. Deserts = Typical climate feature across certain regions in the Middle East.

Match the following rivers/lakes/seas with their surrounding countries/regions:

Aegean Sea = Surrounding countries like Turkey and Greece. Black Sea = Surrounding countries like Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania. Gulf of Oman = Surrounding countries like Iran, Pakistan, UAE, Dead Sea = Surrounding countries like Israel, Jordan, Palestine.

Match the educational systems with their corresponding characteristics:

Compulsory and free education for children = Provided by most Middle Eastern countries. Universal health care = A characteristic of health care in certain wealthy Middle Eastern nations. Males prioritized for education = A common practice across several Middle Eastern countries. Medical tourism destination = Brings thousands of people from neighboring countries each year.

What is a wadi in the context of the Middle East?

A dry streambed that fills up with water after rainstorms

Which country in the Middle East is known for its depletion of natural resources?

Yemen

What is the primary focus of social activities in the Middle East?

Extended family groups

Which sport is commonly practiced in the Middle East?

Soccer

Which country in the Middle East has a unitary republic in name only?

Syria

What is the dominant religion in Israel?

Judaism

What is the belief central to Judaism?

Monotheism

"Jihad" in Islam refers to:

"Holy war"

"Moshav" and "kibbutz" are community settlements found in which country in the Middle East?

"Israel"

Which three continents border the Middle East?

Europe, Asia, Africa

Which major religions began in the Middle East?

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

The Creed, Pray 5X a day, Almsgiving, Fasting, Take a Hajj to Mecca

What did the Muslims build on the traditional temple site of the Jews?

Dome of the Rock

Where do Christians visit to walk where Jesus walked?

Garden of Gethsemane

What was the outcome of the Christians' attempt to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1095?

Failure due to the efforts of Muslim leader Saladin

What major event happened in AD 70 in relation to the Jewish temple?

Destruction of the temple by Romans

What is the official language of Turkey?

Turkish

'There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet' is known as:

'The Shahada'

'Pray 5X a day (facing Mecca)' is a part of which pillar of Islam?

'Salah'

'Take a Hajj to Mecca' is a part of which pillar of Islam?

'Hajj'

What is the holiest city for Muslims?

Mecca

Which environmental issue is caused by the improper disposal of trash in the Middle East?

Coastal degradation

What is one potential solution to the environmental issues in the Middle East mentioned in the text?

Increase clean energy production

Which environmental issue is associated with high levels of chemicals, dust, and other particles in the Middle East?

Air pollution

What role does desalination play in addressing environmental issues in the Middle East?

Provides drinking water

Which environmental issue is likely to be exacerbated by deforestation in the Middle East?

Erosion

What is a potential consequence of high levels of chemicals, dust, and other particles in the Middle East?

Adverse impact on human health

Which environmental issue is likely to be worsened by the pollution from petroleum and automobiles in the Middle East?