Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the important religious ceremonies called?
What are the important religious ceremonies called?
Sacraments
Who were the warriors in medieval Europe who fought on horseback?
Who were the warriors in medieval Europe who fought on horseback?
Knights
What was the intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements?
What was the intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements?
Humanism
In feudal Europe, who controlled land and granted estates to vassals?
In feudal Europe, who controlled land and granted estates to vassals?
What were the long series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia called?
What were the long series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia called?
What is the location of Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where Jesus lived and taught?
What is the location of Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where Jesus lived and taught?
What was the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages?
What was the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages?
What disease, brought to Europe during the Middle Ages, killed 1/3 of the population and helped end Feudalism?
What disease, brought to Europe during the Middle Ages, killed 1/3 of the population and helped end Feudalism?
What is a rebirth or revival?
What is a rebirth or revival?
What is the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain?
What is the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain?
What is banishment from the church?
What is banishment from the church?
What are the followers of Martin Luther called?
What are the followers of Martin Luther called?
What does it mean to declare something invalid?
What does it mean to declare something invalid?
What are states whose populations share a sense of national identity, usually including a language and culture, called?
What are states whose populations share a sense of national identity, usually including a language and culture, called?
What was a 15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information, thus affecting the speed of the spread of information itself?
What was a 15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information, thus affecting the speed of the spread of information itself?
Who was an English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers, born in 1564 and died in 1616?
Who was an English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers, born in 1564 and died in 1616?
Who was an Italian painter, sculptor, engineer, and inventor, known for creating the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper?
Who was an Italian painter, sculptor, engineer, and inventor, known for creating the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper?
Who was an Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect, famous for the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the sculpture of the biblical figure David?
Who was an Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect, famous for the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the sculpture of the biblical figure David?
Who was a German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press, born in 1400 and died in 1468?
Who was a German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press, born in 1400 and died in 1468?
What is a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease?
What is a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease?
What is the name for bubonic plague?
What is the name for bubonic plague?
What is an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe?
What is an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe?
Who is a person who received a grant from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services, right under kings in feudal pyramid?
Who is a person who received a grant from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services, right under kings in feudal pyramid?
What is an armored warrior who fought on horseback, served beneath the vassals, pledged to defend their lords' lands in exchange for fiefs?
What is an armored warrior who fought on horseback, served beneath the vassals, pledged to defend their lords' lands in exchange for fiefs?
What was a medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord's estate, who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born, what their labor produced belonged to the lord, owed taxes to the lord and the church?
What was a medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord's estate, who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born, what their labor produced belonged to the lord, owed taxes to the lord and the church?
What is the name for the lord's estate?
What is the name for the lord's estate?
What is the code of behavior for knights in medieval Europe, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion?
What is the code of behavior for knights in medieval Europe, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion?
What is the name for a body of officials who perform religious services, such as priests, ministers, or rabbis?
What is the name for a body of officials who perform religious services, such as priests, ministers, or rabbis?
What is a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and the use of land in return?
What is a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and the use of land in return?
What church punishment refused sacraments to individuals and freed vassals from service?
What church punishment refused sacraments to individuals and freed vassals from service?
Traders, Explorers, and conquerors from Scandinavia who disrupted European rule and trade during the middle ages were known as what?
Traders, Explorers, and conquerors from Scandinavia who disrupted European rule and trade during the middle ages were known as what?
What is the Latin term for "middle ages"?
What is the Latin term for "middle ages"?
What occurred when a vassal would gain a fief in exchange for his military service to the lord?
What occurred when a vassal would gain a fief in exchange for his military service to the lord?
What are Non-religious matters called?
What are Non-religious matters called?
Who was the person behind the 95 Theses, posted in 1517, who led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule, and claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion?
Who was the person behind the 95 Theses, posted in 1517, who led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule, and claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion?
What were the arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church, posted on October 31, 1517?
What were the arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church, posted on October 31, 1517?
What was a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches?
What was a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches?
What is a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin?
What is a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin?
What is the selling of church offices called?
What is the selling of church offices called?
What is a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator, not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.?
What is a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator, not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.?
What is the belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from god called?
What is the belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from god called?
What is a system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power?
What is a system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power?
What is the unique importance of each individual?
What is the unique importance of each individual?
Who are the people who protested against the Roman Catholic Church?
Who are the people who protested against the Roman Catholic Church?
What is a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity called?
What is a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity called?
What were the three reasons for European exploration?
What were the three reasons for European exploration?
What term describes a Spanish conqueror of the Americas?
What term describes a Spanish conqueror of the Americas?
Who was the Conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico?
Who was the Conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico?
Who was the Conquistador who sought gold and justified actions, while spreading Christianity, and conquered the Incas?
Who was the Conquistador who sought gold and justified actions, while spreading Christianity, and conquered the Incas?
What term describes early-sixteenth-century Spanish explorers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru?
What term describes early-sixteenth-century Spanish explorers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru?
What was a three-way system of trade during 1600-1800s where Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa?
What was a three-way system of trade during 1600-1800s where Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa?
What is the term used to describe the middle section of Triangle Trade, a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies?
What is the term used to describe the middle section of Triangle Trade, a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies?
What is the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages?
What is the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages?
What is an economic policy where nations try to gather as much gold and silver as possible, done by controlling trade and establishing colonies?
What is an economic policy where nations try to gather as much gold and silver as possible, done by controlling trade and establishing colonies?
What is a smaller, weaker country that is taken over by a bigger, more powerful country?
What is a smaller, weaker country that is taken over by a bigger, more powerful country?
What is a small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic?
What is a small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic?
What is the condition in which an organism can resist disease?
What is the condition in which an organism can resist disease?
What is a person sent on a religious mission, esp. one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country?
What is a person sent on a religious mission, esp. one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country?
What were the two reasons conquistadors easily conquered native tribes?
What were the two reasons conquistadors easily conquered native tribes?
What spanned from 1400 to 1600, where Europeans wanted greater access to spices and other products of Asia, wanted to find sea routes to Asia since land routes were controlled by Muslims, and improvements in navigational technology made long sea voyages possible?
What spanned from 1400 to 1600, where Europeans wanted greater access to spices and other products of Asia, wanted to find sea routes to Asia since land routes were controlled by Muslims, and improvements in navigational technology made long sea voyages possible?
What was a 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal?
What was a 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal?
Who was the last ruling Inca emperor of Peru, executed by the Spanish?
Who was the last ruling Inca emperor of Peru, executed by the Spanish?
What was the ancient civilization (1200-1521AD) that was located in what is present-day Mexico City?
What was the ancient civilization (1200-1521AD) that was located in what is present-day Mexico City?
Who mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India?
Who mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India?
What was a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it, resembling the feudal system of the Middle Ages?
What was a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it, resembling the feudal system of the Middle Ages?
What was the ancient civilization (1200-1500AD) that was located in the Andes in Peru?
What was the ancient civilization (1200-1500AD) that was located in the Andes in Peru?
What was the Mesoamerican civilization of Central America and southern Mexico, known for achievements including mathematics, architecture, and a 365-day a year calendar?
What was the Mesoamerican civilization of Central America and southern Mexico, known for achievements including mathematics, architecture, and a 365-day a year calendar?
What was the Incan labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations?
What was the Incan labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations?
Who were Spanish-born people, who came to Latin America, ruled, and were the highest social class?
Who were Spanish-born people, who came to Latin America, ruled, and were the highest social class?
What were people of African and European descent called?
What were people of African and European descent called?
What lasted from the 16th century until the 19th century, and was the trade of African peoples from Western Africa to the Americas, one part of a three-part economical system known as the Middle Passage of the Triangular Trade?
What lasted from the 16th century until the 19th century, and was the trade of African peoples from Western Africa to the Americas, one part of a three-part economical system known as the Middle Passage of the Triangular Trade?
What is a Muslim place of worship?
What is a Muslim place of worship?
What is a government ruled by a king or queen?
What is a government ruled by a king or queen?
What is a government controlled by religious leaders?
What is a government controlled by religious leaders?
What is a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them?
What is a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them?
What is a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power for some time?
What is a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power for some time?
What is a government ruled by a few powerful people?
What is a government ruled by a few powerful people?
What a system of government by one person with absolute power?
What a system of government by one person with absolute power?
What are church officials called?
What are church officials called?
What is a form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws?
What is a form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws?
What connected China, India, and the Middle East while trading goods and helping to spread culture?
What connected China, India, and the Middle East while trading goods and helping to spread culture?
What is a religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.
What is a religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.
What is the holy book of Islam?
What is the holy book of Islam?
What is the holy book of Christians?
What is the holy book of Christians?
What are the first five books of the Hebrew Bible?
What are the first five books of the Hebrew Bible?
What is a religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus?
What is a religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus?
What is the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah?
What is the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah?
What is the belief in one God?
What is the belief in one God?
What is the worship of many gods?
What is the worship of many gods?
What is a religion based on the teachings of the Buddha?
What is a religion based on the teachings of the Buddha?
What is a religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms?
What is a religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms?
What does it mean to add or attach?
What does it mean to add or attach?
What is a territory governed as a political district of a country or empire?
What is a territory governed as a political district of a country or empire?
Who were the people from Central Asia, who when united ended up creating the largest single land empire in history?
Who were the people from Central Asia, who when united ended up creating the largest single land empire in history?
Who is a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock?
Who is a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock?
What is government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly?
What is government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly?
What is the blending of two or more religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation into a religious tradition of beliefs from unrelated traditions?
What is the blending of two or more religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation into a religious tradition of beliefs from unrelated traditions?
Who were the people who spread throughout Africa spreading agriculture, language, and iron?
Who were the people who spread throughout Africa spreading agriculture, language, and iron?
What is a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state?
What is a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state?
What is group of traveling merchants and animals?
What is group of traveling merchants and animals?
Flashcards
Sacraments
Sacraments
important religious ceremonies
Knights
Knights
a warrior in medieval Europe who fought on horseback
Humanism
Humanism
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements
Lord
Lord
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Crusades
Crusades
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Holy Land
Holy Land
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Black Death
Black Death
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Bubonic Plague
Bubonic Plague
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Renaissance
Renaissance
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Skepticism
Skepticism
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Excommunication
Excommunication
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Lutherans
Lutherans
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annul
annul
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Nation-States
Nation-States
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Printing Press
Printing Press
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Shakespeare
Shakespeare
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DaVinci
DaVinci
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Johann Gutenberg
Johann Gutenberg
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epidemic
epidemic
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Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis
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Fief
Fief
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vassal
vassal
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knight
knight
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serf
serf
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manor
manor
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Chivalry
Chivalry
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clergy
clergy
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Feudalism
Feudalism
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Excommunication
Excommunication
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Study Notes
Sacraments
- Important religious ceremonies
Knights
- Medieval European warriors who fought on horseback
Humanism
- Intellectual movement focusing on human potential and achievements
Lord
- Feudal European landholder who granted estates to vassals
Crusades
- Series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia
Holy Land
- Jerusalem and surrounding area, important to both religions
Black Death
- Bubonic plague epidemic killing nearly half of western Europe's population during the Middle Ages
Bubonic Plague
- Infectious disease spread by rats and fleas, decimated populations in Europe, contributing to the end of Feudalism
Renaissance
- Rebirth or revival; period of renewed interest in art, literature, and learning
Skepticism
- Philosophical view that nothing can be known for certain
Excommunication
- Banishment from the church
Lutherans
- Followers of Martin Luther
Annul
- To declare invalid
Nation-States
- Political entities where people share a common national identity
Printing Press
- 15th-century invention that revolutionized information dissemination
Shakespeare
- Celebrated English poet and playwright
DaVinci
- Italian artist, inventor, and engineer (Mona Lisa, The Last Supper)
Michelangelo
- Italian Renaissance artist (Sistine Chapel ceiling, David statue)
Johann Gutenberg
- German printer who invented movable type printing
Epidemic
- Widespread outbreak of a disease
Yersinia pestis
- Bacteria causing the bubonic plague
Fief
- Estate granted to a vassal in the feudal system
Vassal
- Person granted a fief by a lord in exchange for service
Serf
- Peasant legally bound to a lord's estate
Manor
- Lord's estate. Economic system based on lord-serf relationship, providing housing, land and protection for labor.
Chivalry
- Code of conduct for knights emphasizing courage, loyalty, and devotion
Clergy
- Religious officials (priests, ministers, rabbis)
Feudalism
- Social system where people worked and fought for nobles in exchange for protection and land use
Vikings
- Scandinavian traders, explorers, and conquerors affecting European trade
Medieval
- Latin for "Middle Ages"; a historical period
Feudal Contract
- Agreement between lord and vassal involving land and service
Secular
- Non-religious matters
Martin Luther
- Started the Reformation with the 95 Theses, challenging the Catholic Church
95 Theses
- Arguments against the Catholic Church by Martin Luther
Reformation
- Religious movement reforming the Roman Catholic Church
Indulgence
- Pardon relieving a sinner from punishments for sin
Simony
- Selling of church offices
Absolutism
- System of government with absolute ruler power
Divine Right
- Belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from God
Absolute Monarchy
- Government with a hereditary head of state holding almost total power
Individualism
- Importance of the individual
Protestants
- Those opposing the Roman Catholic Church
Patron
- Financial supporter of an individual, organization, or cause
Causes of Exploration
- "3 G's": Gold, God, and Glory (wealth, religion, and national competition)
Conquistador
- Spanish conqueror of the Americas
Hernan Cortes
- Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec empire
Francisco Pizarro
- Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca empire
Triangular Trade
- Trade system involving Europe, Africa, and the Americas (slaves, raw materials, manufactured goods)
Middle Passage
- Part of the triangular trade carrying enslaved Africans across the Atlantic
Columbian Exchange
- Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world
Mercantilism
- Economic policy aiming for maximum gold and silver by controlling trade and establishing colonies
Colony
- Territory controlled by a more powerful country
Caravel
- Highly maneuverable three-masted ship used for exploration
Immunity
- Resistance to a disease
Missionary
- Person sent on a religious mission
Reasons for Easy Conquest of Native Tribes
- Superior weapons and disease
Age of Exploration and Discovery
- Period of European exploration (1400-1600) driven by desire for trade routes to Asia
Treaty of Tordesillas/Line of Demarcation
- Agreement dividing newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal
Atahualpa
- Last Inca emperor, executed by the Spanish
Aztecs
- Mesoamerican civilization located in present-day Mexico City
Christopher Columbus
- Genoese explorer who mistakenly discovered the Americas
Encomienda
- Spanish grant of land and labor rights over Native Americans
Incas
- Andean civilization located in Peru
Mayans
- Mesoamerican civilization flourishing in Central America and southern Mexico
Mita
- Incan labor system based on shared obligations
Peninsulares
- Spanish-born elite in Latin America
Mulattoes
- People of African and European descent
Atlantic Slave Trade
- Forced migration of Africans to the Americas during the 16th-19th centuries
Mosque
- Muslim place of worship
Monarchy
- Government ruled by a king or queen
Theocracy
- Government controlled by religious leaders
Democracy
- System of government where citizens elect representatives
Dynasty
- Succession of rulers from the same family
Oligarchy
- Government ruled by a few powerful people
Autocracy
- System of government by a single person with absolute power
Republic
- Form of government where citizens select representatives
Silk Road
- Network of trade routes connecting China, India, and the Middle East
Islam
- Monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Mohammed
Quran
- Holy book of Islam
Bible
- Holy book of Christianity
Torah
- First five books of the Hebrew Bible
Christianity
- Religion based on the teachings of Jesus
Judaism
- Monotheistic religion of the Jews
Monotheism
- Belief in one God
Polytheism
- Belief in many gods
Buddhism
- Religion based on the teachings of the Buddha
Hinduism
- Religion and philosophy developed in ancient India
Annex
- To add to or attach
Province
- Political district of a country or empire
Mongols
- Central Asian people who created a vast empire
Nomads
- People with no permanent home
Direct Democracy
- System where citizens vote directly on laws
Syncretism
- Blending of different religious belief systems
Bantu
- Peoples who spread throughout Africa, influencing language and agriculture
City-State
- Independent city with surrounding territory
Caravan
- Group of traveling merchants and animals
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Description
Test your knowledge on key events and concepts from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period. This quiz covers significant topics such as the Crusades, humanism, and the impact of the Black Death on European society. Ideal for history enthusiasts and students studying this transformative era.
