Microtubules
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Questions and Answers

Which cellular structures have a major structural role in eukaryotic cilia and flagella?

  • Microtubules (correct)
  • Intermediate filaments
  • Actin filaments
  • Nucleosomes

What is the main function of flagella in cells?

  • To move cells in an aqueous environment (correct)
  • To move fluid around a cell
  • To hold cells sheets together
  • To provide mechanical stability to cells

What is the main function of cilia in cells?

  • To move cells in an aqueous environment
  • To hold cells sheets together
  • To move fluid around a cell (correct)
  • To provide mechanical stability to cells

Which drug blocks microtubules and is used in cancer therapy?

<p>Taxol (Paclitaxel) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular structures are associated with cell-cell junctions and strengthening cells?

<p>Intermediate filaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular structures form a protective cage for the cell's DNA?

<p>Intermediate filaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular structures help nerve cells extend long and robust axons?

<p>Intermediate filaments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein travels towards the (+) end of the microtubule?

<p>Kinesin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the microtubule to shrink?

<p>GTP hydrolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells?

<p>Centrosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microtubule is responsible for aligning and segregating the chromosomes during cell division?

<p>Bipolar mitotic spindle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of MAPs (Microtubule-associated proteins)?

<p>Move organelles and vesicles within the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein transports intracellular cargos towards the (-) end of the microtubule?

<p>Dynein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can selectively stabilize the microtubules and polarize a cell?

<p>MAPs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins make up the tubulin subunit?

<p>Alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microtubules?

<p>Cellular transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GTP in microtubules?

<p>GTP is bound to alpha-tubulin and is not hydrolyzed nor exchanged (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are microtubules structured?

<p>Hollow cylindrical structures built from protofilaments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dynamic instability in microtubules?

<p>The coexistence of assembly and disassembly at the ends of a microtubule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins are associated with microtubules?

<p>Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of structures that contain microtubules?

<p>Cilia and flagella (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein structure is the central building block of intermediate filaments?

<p>Coiled-coil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells produce keratin filaments in the epidermis?

<p>Keratinocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical usefulness of the diversity of keratins?

<p>Diagnosis of carcinoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic diseases can be caused by mutation in keratin genes?

<p>Epidermolysis bullosa simplex and pachyonychia congenita (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of mutation in keratin genes in epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS)?

<p>Blistering of the epidermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intermediate filament is responsible for the mechanical stability of the cell nucleus?

<p>Lamin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neurofilaments in vertebrate neurons?

<p>Provide strength and stability to the axon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of microfilaments?

<p>7-8 nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein subunits make up microtubules?

<p>Tubulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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