38 Questions
What is the first step in preparing the microscope?
Turn the 10x objective in place and raise the crosses table all the way up
What should you avoid doing when switching to the 40x objective?
Turning the macroscrew
What is the purpose of the microscrew?
To focus the microscope
What should you do with the used objectives after finishing the analysis?
Disinfect them with 70% alcohol
What is the final step in the post-analytical phase?
Placing the microscope back in the cabinet
What type of preparations can be viewed with a microscope?
Only very small and thin samples
What is the purpose of the crosses table?
To move the preparation from left to right and up and down
What should you do with the preparation after finishing the analysis?
Put it in a pot with disinfectant
What is the main topic of Week 1?
Pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phase
What is the purpose of the repetition in Week 3?
To review the previous week's material
What is the importance of following the teacher's instructions?
To ensure safety in the laboratory
What is the goal of the course?
To get a 5.5 or higher
What is the topic of the activity in Week 2?
Making a native preparation of an onion with iodine solution
When is the national holiday Eid al-Adha celebrated?
Week 4, 17th June 2024
What is the focus of the practical repetition in Week 5?
Revising the course material
What is the final goal of the course?
To achieve a minimum score of 5.5 or higher
What is the purpose of using a 70% alcohol solution to clean the slide?
To remove dirt and debris from the slide
What is the function of the outer layer of the onion?
To protect the inner layers from damage
What is the purpose of adding a drop of iodine solution to the slide?
To stain the cells for better visualization
What is the main component of the outer layer of the human cheek?
Epithelial cells
What is the purpose of tapping the slide gently with the back of a pen or a pair of forceps?
To remove air bubbles from the slide
What is the name of the outer layer of the human cheek?
Buccal mucosa
What is the purpose of using a microscope to observe the sample?
To observe the sample at a higher magnification
What is the function of the epithelial cells in the human cheek?
To protect the inner layers from damage and infection
What is the purpose of adding a drop of iodine solution to the sample?
To stain the sample for better visibility
What type of paper is used to clean the slide?
Tissue paper
What is the purpose of using a cotton swab to scrape the inside of your cheek?
To collect a sample of cheek cells
What is the purpose of using a liquid when preparing a sample for microscopic observation?
To allow the sample to be viewed in detail
What should you do with the slide after adding the iodine solution?
Place a clean cover glass on top
What is the term for the entire preparation, including the sample and the liquid, placed between two glass slides?
Preparat
What magnification should be used to view the preparation under the microscope?
40x
What should you do after finishing the analysis?
Dispose of the preparation according to the guidelines
What is the purpose of cleaning the object glass with alcohol before preparing the sample?
To remove dirt and debris
Why is it important to avoid air bubbles when placing the cover glass on top of the sample?
Because air bubbles can distort the sample's appearance
What is the purpose of using jodiumoplossing in the preparation of the sample?
To enhance the sample's visibility under the microscope
What is the term for the larger, thicker glass slide that the sample is placed on?
Object glass
How should the cover glass be removed after use?
By carefully wiping it with a tissue or paper
What is the final step in the cleaning process after preparing the sample?
Washing the object glass with soap and water
Study Notes
Microscopy Lab Techniques
- To prepare a microscope for use, rotate the 10x objective lens and raise the condenser by unscrewing the macroscrew while looking from the side, until the preparation almost touches the objective lens.
- Then, rotate the condenser downwards and close the diaphragm.
- Look through the oculars and slide them apart or together to obtain a complete image (not two half circles).
Focusing the Microscope
- While looking through the oculars, rotate the macroscrew towards you, and the object table will move downwards. Continue until an image appears and adjust it for clarity.
- Do not touch the macroscrew again. Instead, use the microscrew for further focusing.
Observing the Preparation
- Observe the preparation by viewing multiple fields of vision.
- Note and/or draw your findings.
Post-Analytical Phase
- Turn off the light.
- Reduce the light intensity to low or 0.
- Directly rotate the smallest 4x objective lens.
- Lower the condenser using the macroscrew.
- Remove the preparation and place it in a container with disinfectant.
- First, disinfect the used objectives with tissue soaked in 70% alcohol, then disinfect all other lenses and the microscope.
Microscope Components and Functions
- The microscope has a kruistafel (stage) that can be moved left and right, and up and down, using the macroscrew.
- The lens distances are calibrated, so that once you have focused with a smaller magnification, focusing at other magnifications only requires adjustment of the microscrew.
Making a Native Preparation
- To make a native preparation, the material must be thin and transparent, and placed between two glass slides (a slide and a coverslip) with a liquid (water or a dye) in between.
- The largest and thickest glass slide is the object glass, and the smaller, thinner glass slide is the coverslip.
- The entire preparation is called a native preparation.
Microscope Handling and Safety
- Always wash your hands well and dry them with a clean towel before handling the microscope.
- When handling the microscope, follow the teacher's instructions and take necessary safety precautions.
Course Schedule
- Week 1: Introduction to microscopy, safety guidelines, and making a native preparation.
- Week 2: Making a native preparation of an onion with iodine solution, and drawing the skin cells.
- Week 3: Repeating Week 2, and updating microscope drawings.
- Week 4: Finalizing microscope drawings.
- Week 5: Repetition and final questions.
Learning Objectives
- At the end of the lesson, students can:
- Differentiate between pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases.
- Identify the components and functions of a light microscope.
- Describe the process of making a native preparation.
- Follow the instructions for making a native preparation.
Cell Observations
- The cells of the onion skin are similar to the cells of the human cheek (wangslijmvlies).
- The outer layer of the cheek is constantly renewing itself, and the cells of this layer can be observed under the microscope.
- The differences and/or similarities between the onion skin cells and the cheek cells can be observed and noted.
Learn how to prepare and focus a microscope for optimal use in a laboratory setting. This quiz covers the steps to set up and adjust the microscope for clear observation.
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