Microscopic Structure of Muscle: Learn with Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a functional property that distinguishes muscle tissue from other tissues?

Contractility

Secretion (correct)

Conductivity

Irritability

What are the layers of connective tissue that occur in and around skeletal muscle called?

Endomysium

Perimysium (correct)

Fascicles

Epimysium

Which condition is characterized by muscle weakness and degeneration?

Fibromyalgia

Delayed-onset muscle soreness

Muscular dystrophy (correct)

Myofascial pain syndrome

What is the main purpose of muscle tissue's property of conductivity?

To transmit electrical signals Signup and view all the answers

In terms of muscle attachments, what is the point of attachment that moves during muscle contraction known as?

Insertion Signup and view all the answers

What protein blocks the myosin binding sites on actin when the muscle is at rest?

Tropomyosin Signup and view all the answers

Which protein changes its shape in response to rising calcium concentration, exposing the myosin binding sites on actin?

Troponin Signup and view all the answers

In which type of contraction does the muscle shorten to do work?

Concentric contraction Signup and view all the answers

Where does the nerve ending and muscle fiber meet in skeletal muscle tissue?

Neuromuscular junction Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft from the nerve terminal?

Acetylcholine (ACh) Signup and view all the answers

What role does calcium play in muscle contraction?

Forces tropomyosin to change shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle tissue?

To store calcium ions and release them to trigger muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What are terminal cisterns in skeletal muscle tissue?

Cross-channels associated with the sarcoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T tubules in muscle fibers?

Transmit nerve-generated impulses to deeper regions of the muscle fiber Signup and view all the answers

How are calcium ions involved in skeletal muscle contraction?

They trigger sarcomere contraction by interacting with myofibril elements Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between T tubules and the sarcolemma in muscle fibers?

T tubules conduct nerve impulses along the sarcolemma Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional requirement for myosin to interact with actin in a sarcomere?

Presence of high calcium ion concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of delayed-onset muscle soreness?

Inflammatory response to muscle tears Signup and view all the answers

How is fibromyalgia diagnosed based on pain location?

Pain in 11 of 18 points Signup and view all the answers

What type of exercise can help speed up recovery from delayed-onset muscle soreness?

Low-level aerobic activity Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is commonly used for fibromyalgia management?

Antidepressants Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NSAIDS in managing overused or strained postural muscles?

Decreasing inflammation and pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary tissue in the heart?

Cardiac muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle tissue helps in squeezing fluids through hollow organs?

Smooth muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for shortening muscle cells?

Actin proteins Signup and view all the answers

What prefix means 'muscle'?

Myo Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?

Skeletal muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sphincter muscles in the body?

Open and close body passageways Signup and view all the answers

What is the prefix that means 'flesh'?

Sarco Signup and view all the answers

'Fusiform' appearance is characteristic of which type of muscle tissue?

Smooth muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which sheath of connective tissue wraps each muscle fiber (cell)?

Endomysium Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nerves and blood vessels in skeletal muscles?

Supply oxygen and nutrients, regulate nerve signals, and remove waste products from muscles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

Conductivity is not a functional property that distinguishes muscle tissue from other tissues.

Skeletal Muscle Structure

Layers of connective tissue in and around skeletal muscle are called epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium.
The point of attachment that moves during muscle contraction is called the insertion.

Muscle Physiology

Muscle weakness and degeneration are characteristics of muscular dystrophy.
The main purpose of muscle tissue's property of conductivity is to allow rapid transmission of electrical impulses.
During contraction, the muscle shortens to do work in isotonic contractions.

Muscle Contraction Mechanism

Troponin blocks the myosin binding sites on actin when the muscle is at rest.
Tropomyosin changes its shape in response to rising calcium concentration, exposing the myosin binding sites on actin.
The nerve ending and muscle fiber meet at the neuromuscular junction.

Neurotransmission

Acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft from the nerve terminal.

Calcium's Role

Calcium is involved in muscle contraction by removing the blocking action of troponin and tropomyosin.
Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing a conformational change that exposes the myosin binding sites on actin.

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and T-Tubules

The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions.
Terminal cisterns are specialized regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that store calcium ions.
T-tubules (transverse tubules) are invaginations of the sarcolemma that allow rapid transmission of electrical impulses.

Muscle Function and Disease

Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is caused by micro-tears in muscle fibers.
Fibromyalgia is diagnosed based on widespread pain in specific locations.
Exercise can help speed up recovery from DOMS.
Fibromyalgia is commonly managed with medication, including NSAIDs.
NSAIDs are used to manage overused or strained postural muscles.

Muscle Types and Functions

The primary tissue in the heart is cardiac muscle.
Smooth muscle tissue helps in squeezing fluids through hollow organs.
Actin and myosin filaments are responsible for shortening muscle cells.
The prefix "myo-" means 'muscle'.
Skeletal muscle tissue is striated and voluntary.
Sphincter muscles control the opening and closing of hollow organs.
The prefix "sarco-" means 'flesh'.
Smooth muscle tissue has a fusiform appearance.
Each muscle fiber is wrapped in a sheath of connective tissue called the epimysium.
Nerves and blood vessels in skeletal muscles provide innervation and oxygenation.

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Description

Learn about the microscopic structure of skeletal muscle tissue, focusing on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and its role in muscle contraction. Understand how calcium ions and terminal cisterns are involved in the sliding filament mechanism.

Microscopic Structure of Skeletal Muscle Tissue Overview

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