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Questions and Answers
Which genus of virus is associated with localized skin nodules in humans?
What is the primary host of Cowpox virus?
Which virus is known for causing a generalized disease in humans?
Which form of POXVIRUSES is found in vesicular fluids?
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Which virus has been eliminated and was associated with causing Smallpox in humans?
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Which POXVIRIDAE genus is associated with a virus that resembles a mulberry fruit under an electron microscope?
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'Yabapox' infections are very rare and accidental in humans; which host does this virus primarily infect?
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'Pseudocowpox' primarily causes which disease in cows?
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'Tanapox' infections in humans are rare and localized; which animals does this virus primarily infect?
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'Molluscum contagiosum' virus belongs to which genus of POXVIRIDAE?
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Study Notes
Cutaneous Mycoses Characteristics
- Tinea infections are characterized by the site of infection, e.g., Tinea capitis (Ringworm in the head)
- Dermatophyte infections are keratinophilic, meaning they love keratin, a protein found in hair, nails, and skin
- Dermatophytes can be found in soil, animals, and humans
Agents of Cutaneous Mycoses
- Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton are fungal genera that can cause cutaneous mycoses
- Each genus can cause multiple infections and one site can be infected with multiple species
- Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum are frequently associated with Tinea corporis
Trichophyton Agents
- Trichophyton infects skin, hair, and nails
- Macroconidia are pencil/cigar-shaped, smooth-walled, and clavate/peg-shaped/teardrop
- Microconidia are none
Microsporum Spp
- Description: Microsporum have no microconidia
- Macroconidia are spindle-shaped with rough walls
- Wood's light: yellow-green fluorescence
- Hyphae: antler and racquet hyphae with terminal chlamydospore
Microscopic Exam
- Rhizoid or racquet, hyaline, septate hyphae with alternate arthroconidia (mold form)
- Arthroconidia are separated by clear or lighter staining nonviable cells
Opportunistic Mycoses
- Opportunistic mycoses can cause infection when the immune system is low
- Not categorized according to site, can be systemic, cutaneous, subcutaneous, or superficial
Order Mucorales
- Cunninghamella spp, Lichtheimia spp, Mucor spp, Rhizopus spp, and Syncephalastrum spp are members of Order Mucorales
- Each genus has distinct characteristics and can cause specific diseases
Cunninghamella Spp
- Macroscopic examination: White to gray cottony colonies, branching sporangiophores with sporangioles
- Recovered from sinuses or other organs during disseminated disease
Rhizopus Spp
- Macroscopic examination: White to gray and brown woolly colonies, dark and fragile sporangia
- Umbrella-shaped structure upon rupture of the sac
- Microscopic examination: Microscopic examination of Rhizopus spp
Paecilomyces Lilacinus / Paecilomyces Spp
- Macroscopic examination: Tan, brownish gold, or mauve flat, granular to velvety colonies
- Microscopic examination: Spindle-shaped conidia
Penicillium Spp
- Macroscopic examination: Light pinks, gray, tan pigmented colonies
- Microscopic examination: Simple, wide-based, single-celled conidia, arthroconidia
Chrysosporium Spp
- Macroscopic examination: Green or blue-green colonies, loose chain ovoid conidia
- Microscopic examination: Brush-like conidia
Scopulariopsis Spp
- Macroscopic examination: Off-white to pink and black colonies, arthroconidia
- Specimen Collection: nail specimens
Chaetomium Spp
- Macroscopic examination: Tan to buff colonies
- Microscopic examination: Truncate-based conidia
Trichodermas Spp
- Microscopic examination: Characteristics of Trichodermas Spp
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Description
Test your knowledge on identifying fungi through microscopic examination. Questions cover topics like rhizoid or racquet, hyaline, septate hyphae with arthroconidia, and identifying different types of hyphae. Perfect for students or professionals in microbiology or mycology.
