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Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic that defines a tubular organ?
What is the characteristic that defines a tubular organ?
- Having a lumen and a wall with four coats or tunics (correct)
- Having only three coats or tunics in its wall
- Having a wall but no lumen
- Having a lumen but no wall
What is the innermost layer of the tunica mucosa?
What is the innermost layer of the tunica mucosa?
- Tunica Submucosa
- Lamina Muscularis Mucosae
- Lamina Propria
- Lining Epithelium (correct)
What is the function of the Lamina Muscularis Mucosae?
What is the function of the Lamina Muscularis Mucosae?
- To produce mucus
- To regulate the contraction and relaxation of the organ
- To demarcate the lamina propria from the tunica submucosa (correct)
- To provide support to the lining epithelium
What is the outermost layer of a tubular organ?
What is the outermost layer of a tubular organ?
What are the three layers of the tunica mucosa?
What are the three layers of the tunica mucosa?
What is present in the lamina propria?
What is present in the lamina propria?
What is the primary function of septa in a solid organ?
What is the primary function of septa in a solid organ?
What is the term for the functional part of a solid organ?
What is the term for the functional part of a solid organ?
What is the main component of trabecula?
What is the main component of trabecula?
How many major systems are present in the human body?
How many major systems are present in the human body?
What is the name of the system that includes the brain and spinal cord?
What is the name of the system that includes the brain and spinal cord?
What is the term for the loose connective tissue that develops into a solid organ?
What is the term for the loose connective tissue that develops into a solid organ?
What is the main function of the tunica muscularis in tubular organs?
What is the main function of the tunica muscularis in tubular organs?
What type of muscle tissue is usually found in the tunica muscularis?
What type of muscle tissue is usually found in the tunica muscularis?
What is the outermost coat of a tubular organ composed of?
What is the outermost coat of a tubular organ composed of?
What is the main difference between the tunica serosa and the serous membrane?
What is the main difference between the tunica serosa and the serous membrane?
What is the function of the submucosal glands in some tubular organs?
What is the function of the submucosal glands in some tubular organs?
What is the term for the solid organ composed of a stroma and a parenchyma?
What is the term for the solid organ composed of a stroma and a parenchyma?
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
Which system consists of the skin and its appendages?
Which system consists of the skin and its appendages?
What is the primary role of the kidneys in the urinary system?
What is the primary role of the kidneys in the urinary system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestive system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the digestive system?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the term for the passage that conveys urine from the kidney to the outside of the body?
What is the term for the passage that conveys urine from the kidney to the outside of the body?
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Study Notes
Body Systems
- There are 11 major body systems:
- Musculoskeletal system
- Nervous system
- Cardiovascular system
- Lymphatic system
- Integumentary system
- Respiratory system
- Urinary system
- Digestive system
- Endocrine system
- Reproductive system
Organ Types
- Tubular organs:
- Hollow organs with a lumen (canal) and a wall
- Consist of four coats or tunics: Tunica Mucosa, Tunica Submucosa, Tunica Muscularis, and Tunica Serosa
- Parenchymatous organs:
- Solid organs composed of a stroma and a parenchyma
- Stroma: connective tissue support or framework of a solid organ
- Parenchyma: functional part of a solid organ
Tunica Mucosa
- Commonly called mucous membrane or wet membrane
- May present folds or plicae
- Composed of three layers: Lining Epithelium, Lamina Propria, and Lamina Muscularis Mucosae
Tunica Submucosa
- Loose connective tissue beneath the Tunica Mucosa
- Contains blood vessels, nerves, autonomic ganglia, and nerve plexus
- Permits the motility of Tunica Mucosa
Tunica Muscularis
- Third tunic beneath the Tunica Submucosa
- Generally smooth muscle tissue, arranged in two layers (inner circular and outer longitudinal)
- Maintains the tone of the organ, size of the lumen, and movement of materials through the organ
Tunica Serosa
- Outermost coat composed of loose connective tissue
- Derived from splanchnic mesoderm, which forms the dorsal mesentery
- Contains blood vessels, nerves, myenteric ganglia, and adipose cells
Cardiovascular System
- Consists of: heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries
- Heart pumps blood and blood vessels distribute and collect blood to and from all parts of the body
Lymphatic System
- Consists of: lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and lymph nodes
- Organs that produce lymphocytes and filter blood and lymph
Integumentary System
- Consists of: skin and its appendages (hair, pads, claws, hoof, horns, beak, feathers)
- Protects the body from external damage
Respiratory System
- Consists of: nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm
- Organs that conduct air to and from the lung and structures involved in the actual exchange of gases inside the lung
Urinary System
- Consists of: kidney, ureter, urethra, and urinary bladder
- Kidney that produces urine and excretory ducts that convey urine from the kidney to outside of the body
Digestive System
- Consists of: oral cavity, esophagus, forestomachs (reticulum, rumen, omasum), true stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and rectum
- Organs involved in the prehension and digestion of food, excretion of fecal materials, and absorption of nutrients
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