Microprocessor Quiz Bank

Microprocessor Question Bank

• Microprocessor Components: A microprocessor consists of thousands of microscopic transistors squeezed onto a tiny silicon chip.

• 8086 Microprocessor: The Intel 8086 was Intel's first x86 processor.

• Microprocessor Types: CISC, RISC, and EPIC are types of microprocessors.

• Microprocessor Operations: A microprocessor can operate on information present in the main memory.

• Microprocessor Unit (CPU): A microprocessor unit is a complex logic element that performs arithmetic and logic operations.

• Microcomputer Components: A microcomputer contains a microprocessor, other circuits, a clock, and interface adapters.

• Microcomputer Operations: Microcomputers perform various operations, including addition, subtraction, logical operations, and input/output operations.

• Microcomputer Operations Terminology: In microcomputers, operations are called instructions.

• Address Lines in 8086: The 8086 microprocessor has 20 address lines.

• Microprocessor Characteristics: Microprocessors have internal memory, interfacing circuits, and contain ALU, CU, and registers. They also use Harvard architecture.

• Condition Flags: Trap flag, carry flag, and zero flag are condition flags.

• Memory Capacity Calculation: A memory with 20 address lines and 16 data lines will have 2^20 bytes of memory, which is 2 MB of capacity.

• Pentium-II Word Length: The Pentium-II microprocessor has a 32-bit word length.

• Address Lines for Memory: A 90 GB memory requires 37 address lines.

• Address Lines for RAM: A 4KB RAM requires 12 address lines.

• Register Contents (MOV): If registers A and B have 50H and 40H respectively, and the instruction MOV A,B is executed, A will contain 40H and B will contain 40H.

• Microcomputer Buses: Microcomputers have address buses, data buses, and control buses.

• Data Transfer: Information is transferred from the Address register to memory by using the Address Bus.

• Microprocessor Instruction Sequence: Instructions within a microprocessor are typically arranged in a fetch, decode, and execute sequence.

• PC Register (Decode): If the PC register value was 0001B before fetch, then during decode it should be 0002B.

• 1's Complement: The 1's complement of 10011001 is 01100110.

• 2's Complement Decimal Value: The 2's complement form, 10111111, has a decimal value of –65.

• 2's Complement Calculation: For example, the 2's complement of (95C3)16 is (6A3D)16

• Switching Circuit Notation: A switching circuit can be represented in binary logic notation. A common example is using AND, OR, and NOR logic gates to represent its operations.

• High-Level vs. Assembly Language: Assembly language is not a high-level language; it is a low-level assembly language. High-level languages are closer to human language than assembly language.

• Assembly Language Use: Assembly language is better suited for hardware devices.

• Storage Sizes: Quadword storage is 64-bit, unsigned doubleword is 0 to 2³² - 1, and signed word is -2¹⁵ to 2¹⁵ - 1.

• Sign-Magnitude Binary Number: The sign-magnitude form of 01110100 is decimal +116

• CISC Characteristics: CISC microprocessors have a large instruction set, high-level operations and require microcode interpreters.

• RISC Characteristics: RISC microprocessors have simple, atomic instructions, a small instruction set and are directly executed by hardware.

• Control Unit Operation: The control unit decodes the instructions using the instruction decoder.

• Pipelined Execution: Pipelined execution in the Intel386 uses a six-stage execution cycle.

• Status Flags: Status flags in a processor reflect the outcomes of arithmetic and logical operations.

• Status Flags Examples: Zero flag, Carry flag and Auxiliary carry flag, and Parity flag are examples of status flags

• Overflow Flag: The Overflow flag is set when the result of a signed arithmetic operation is too large or too small.

• Instruction Components: Instructions typically include a label, a mnemonic, and an operand

• Label Purpose: A label placed directly after a variable implies the variable's (memory location) address.

Other

• Questions 50-54 are problem-solving/practical application questions requiring solutions and are complex in nature; more detailed solutions would be provided in an in-person or virtual learning environment and they involve assembly language, binary calculations, and potentially memory operations.