Microorganisms and Metal Recovery
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Dr. Eman El Gebaly is discussing the production of ______ as a biofuel.

ethanol

Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus is a ______ thermophile that produces ethanol from soluble sugars.

gram-positive anaerobic

Zymomonas mobilis has a higher ______ uptake and ethanol yield compared to S.cerevisiae.

sugar

Anaerobic digestion is a process of biologically-mediated reactions by a group of ______ to convert organic compounds into methane and carbon dioxide.

<p>microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic digestion begins with bacterial ______ of the input materials to break down insoluble organic polymers.

<p>hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Zymomonas mobilis has the advantage of not requiring controlled ______ of oxygen during fermentation.

<p>addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acidogenic bacteria convert the sugars and ______ acids into carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ammonia, and organic acids.

<p>amino</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acetogenic bacteria convert these resulting organic ______ into acetic acid, along with additional ammonia, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide.

<p>acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Methanogenic bacteria finally are able to convert these products to ______ and carbon dioxide.

<p>methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Microorganisms accumulate metals by ______ or bioaccumulation processes.

<p>biosorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bioaccumulation is a much slower process of metal uptake than ______.

<p>biosorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacterial leaching or ______ is the extraction of metals from their ores using microorganisms.

<p>bioleaching</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most important player in the ______ process is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans.

<p>biolleaching</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is a ______ acidophile, obtaining its energy from inorganic sources.

<p>chemoautotrophic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidises ______ to ferric and sulphur and reduced sulphur compounds to sulphuric acid.

<p>ferrous</p> Signup and view all the answers

The properties of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans make it most attractive for ______ leaching operations.

<p>commercial</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans fixes its own carbon while growing in an ______ medium.

<p>acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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