V05_Microfluidic Systems

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Questions and Answers

What is the key factor that determines the particle arrangement in a straight microfluidic channel?

Channel material

Particle size

Reynolds number (correct)

Fluid velocity

What is the main effect observed when particles flow through a curved microfluidic channel?

Particles experience a centrifugal force (correct)

Particles are attracted to the channel walls

Particles are randomly distributed

Particles experience no additional forces

What is the name of the force that acts on particles in a curved microfluidic channel?

Drag force

Lift force

Gravitational force

Dean force (correct)

Which of the following is a key requirement for successful hydrodynamic particle sorting in a microfluidic system?

Laminar flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using soft lithography techniques for fabricating Bio-MEMS devices?

Better biocompatibility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key application of hydrodynamic particle sorting in microfluidic systems?

Cell separation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 'shift in register' mentioned in the text?

To induce a zigzag motion in the particles being separated Signup and view all the answers

What type of fabrication technique is likely used to create the microfluidic device described in the text?

Soft lithography Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 'many microfluidic channels' mentioned in the text?

To create a uniform flow velocity across the matrix of obstacles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the hydrodynamic particle sorting method described in the text?

It provides a continuous-flow separation process without the need for external forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that causes the formation of Dean vortices in a curved microfluidic channel?

The conservation of mass and incompressibility of the fluid flow Signup and view all the answers

In a curved microfluidic channel, how do the relative magnitudes of the lift force ($F_L$) and the Dean force ($F_D$) affect the particle's lateral position?

At the outer wall, $F_D$ is much stronger than $F_L$, causing the particle to move towards the inner wall. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key advantage of using soft lithography techniques for the fabrication of Bio-MEMS devices?

Compatibility with a wide range of materials, including soft and deformable materials Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key challenge in the design and operation of active valves in microfluidic systems?

Ensuring reliable and precise control over the valve actuation Signup and view all the answers

How does the Reynolds number ($Re$) influence the performance of hydrodynamic particle sorting in microfluidic systems?

Higher $Re$ leads to stronger Dean vortices and more efficient particle sorting Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hydrodynamic Particle Sorting in Microfluidic Systems

The key factor that determines the particle arrangement in a straight microfluidic channel is the balance between the shear force and the gravitational force.
In a curved microfluidic channel, particles flow to the outer wall due to the centrifugal force and Dean vortices, resulting in lateral migration.
The force that acts on particles in a curved microfluidic channel is the Dean force.
A key requirement for successful hydrodynamic particle sorting in a microfluidic system is the ability to generate a stable and reproducible flow.

Fabrication of Bio-MEMS Devices

The primary advantage of using soft lithography techniques for fabricating Bio-MEMS devices is the ability to create complex patterns and structures at the micro- and nanoscale.
Soft lithography is a likely technique used to create the microfluidic device described in the text.

Function of Microfluidic Channels

The primary function of the 'many microfluidic channels' mentioned in the text is to enable high-throughput particle sorting.
The primary advantage of the hydrodynamic particle sorting method described in the text is its ability to sort particles based on their size and density.

Dean Vortices and Particle Sorting

The primary mechanism that causes the formation of Dean vortices in a curved microfluidic channel is the imbalance of the centrifugal force and the Dean force.
In a curved microfluidic channel, the particle's lateral position is affected by the relative magnitudes of the lift force ($F_L$) and the Dean force ($F_D$), with larger particles experiencing a greater Dean force.

Advantages and Challenges of Soft Lithography and Active Valves

A key advantage of using soft lithography techniques for the fabrication of Bio-MEMS devices is their ability to create complex patterns and structures at the micro- and nanoscale.
A key challenge in the design and operation of active valves in microfluidic systems is their ability to maintain precise control over fluid flow.

Reynolds Number and Hydrodynamic Particle Sorting

The Reynolds number ($Re$) influences the performance of hydrodynamic particle sorting in microfluidic systems by affecting the balance between the inertial and viscous forces.

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Description

Test your knowledge on hydrodynamic particle sorting, valves, and Dean vortices in microfluidic systems and Bio-MEMS. Topics include Reynolds number, characteristic length, and curved channel dynamics.

V05_Microfluidic Systems - Bio-MEMS Quiz

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