Microbiota in Allergic Rhinitis Patients
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Questions and Answers

Which bacteria were increased in patients with Allergic Rhinitis?

  • Oxalobacter
  • Eisenbergiella
  • Parabacteroides (correct)
  • Clostridiales

What phyla showed significant differences between Allergic Rhinitis patients and healthy controls?

  • Chloroflexi
  • Cyanobacteria
  • Actinobacteria (correct)
  • Fusobacteria

Which bacteria levels were associated with nasal symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis patients?

  • Eisenbergiella
  • Clostridiales
  • Parabacteroides
  • Butyrococcus (correct)

Which clinical feature is NOT commonly associated with Allergic Rhinitis?

<p>Blue discoloration of the lips (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is valuable for evaluating eustachian tube dysfunction in patients with Allergic Rhinitis?

<p>Pneumatic otoscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Allergic Rhinitis is related to symptoms that occur or increase due to specific plant pollination?

<p>Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes allergic rhinitis from non-allergic rhinitis?

<p>IgE-mediated reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokine is primarily involved in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis?

<p>IL-4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial phase that an atopic individual must go through before developing allergic rhinitis upon reexposure to an allergen?

<p>Sensitization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells assimilate a low-dose exposure of the antigen in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis?

<p>Langerhans cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of response leads to nasal congestion and obstructed airflow in allergic rhinitis?

<p>IgE-mediated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells engage with B lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis?

<p>Helper T lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IgE antibodies in allergic rhinitis?

<p>Initiate mast cell activation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are mast cells most prevalent in the context of allergic rhinitis?

<p>Skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mediator primarily stimulates sneezing in allergic rhinitis?

<p>Histamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the late-phase response in allergic rhinitis?

<p>Antigen stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mast cells release mediators in allergic rhinitis?

<p>By undergoing degranulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body experiences the hallmark acute symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

<p>Respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically present in a patient with acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

<p>Drooling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definitive diagnostic procedure to confirm the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

<p>Endoscopy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the tracheal mucosa in acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

<p>Diffusely ulcerated mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes acute exacerbation of airway obstruction from supraglottitis in terms of symptom presentation?

<p>Drooling and dysphagia are always present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential finding on plain-film X-rays of the neck in a patient with acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

<p>Narrowing of the tracheal lumen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which investigation is crucial to visualize the tracheal mucosa and secretions in acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

<p>Endoscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is characterized by a grayish, tightly adherent pseudomembrane covering the tonsils?

<p>Pharyngeal diphtheria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection might present as an exudative condition, often with tonsillar involvement?

<p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rare disease is primarily affecting unimmunized individuals due to childhood immunization?

<p>Pharyngeal diphtheria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to potentially life-threatening airway compromise if it spreads to the larynx and tracheobronchial tree?

<p>Pharyngeal diphtheria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms are associated with primary oral syphilis?

<p>Painless chancre on the lips, buccal mucosa, or oropharynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection can cause bilateral tonsillar hypertrophy in patients?

<p>Secondary syphilis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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