Microbiology Quiz - Spring 2021 Midterm
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Questions and Answers

What term describes the process used by restaurants and food producers to lower the number of microbes to a safe level?

  • Degerming
  • Sterilization
  • Disinfection
  • Sanitation (correct)
  • Which area of the body is typically sterile?

  • Digestive tract
  • Blood (correct)
  • Skin
  • Upper respiratory tract
  • What is the term for bacteria that are poisoned by oxygen?

  • Obligate anaerobes (correct)
  • Facultative anaerobes
  • Obligate aerobes
  • Aerotolerant anaerobes
  • Which type of transmission is defined as 'person-to-person' transmission?

    <p>Direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism do some bacteria use to resist antibiotic treatment by expelling the antibiotic from the cell?

    <p>Efflux pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of resistance that refers to preventing substances from entering the cell?

    <p>Exclusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is primarily targeted by HIV for infection?

    <p>CD4 T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a chain configuration of bacteria?

    <p>Strepto-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a person who carries a pathogen without showing symptoms?

    <p>Carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is universally found in all types of bacterial cell walls?

    <p>Peptidoglycan (PG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following will not effectively prevent the spread of HIV?

    <p>Vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is rod or brick-shaped?

    <p>Bacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a modifiable patient factor when choosing an antibiotic?

    <p>Patient education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a contagious disease?

    <p>It spreads from one host to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vector involves the pathogen developing in the vector before transmission occurs?

    <p>Biological vector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a fomite?

    <p>A non-living object that transfers a pathogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of disease classification, what does the term 'endemic' refer to?

    <p>A disease that is consistently present within a geographic area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these bacteria would most likely inhabit the human body?

    <p>Mesophiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes bacteria that can survive without oxygen?

    <p>Aerotolerant anaerobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an epidemic disease?

    <p>A sudden outbreak affecting a large number of individuals in a specific area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is characterized by the absence of symptoms during a significant period?

    <p>Latent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Microbiology Quiz - Spring 2021 Midterm

    • Hardest Microbe to Destroy: Prions
    • Gene Transfer Method: Conjugation uses a pilus to transfer DNA
    • Pathogen Ingestion Pathway: Gastrointestinal tract
    • Best Infection Control: Handwashing
    • Microbes Without Oxygen Requirement (but can use): Facultative anaerobes
    • Cell Wall with Two Membranes and LPS: Gram-negative bacteria
    • Cholera Transmission Classification: Pandemic
    • Primary Infection Resulting in Pneumonia: HIV
    • Microbe Reduction Process: Sanitation
    • Sterile Body Locations: Upper Respiratory Tract
    • Oxygen Poisoned Microbes: Obligate anaerobes
    • Year of HIV Discovery: 1983
    • HIV Virus Type: Retrovirus
    • Person-to-Person Transmission: Direct contact
    • Bacteria Grouping: Two bacteria grouped together are diplo-bacteria
    • Rod-shaped Bacteria: Bacillus
    • Modifiable Patient Factor: Patient education
    • Influenza Transmission Type: Droplet
    • Microbes with Oxygen Requirement: Obligate aerobes
    • Patient Precautions with TB: Standard precautions only
    • Mycolic Acid Layer: Acid-fast bacteria
    • Immune-protection Bacteria Mechanism: Capsule
    • Quick-onset, short-term disease: Acute
    • Gene Transfer Via Viruses: Transduction
    • Surface Disinfectants: Iodine or chlorhexidine are intermediate level disinfectants
    • Sphere-shaped Bacteria: Coccus
    • Microbe Entry Point (Inhalation): Mucous membranes
    • Steam Autoclaving Process: Sterilization
    • Low Oxygen Microbes: Microaerophiles
    • Non-living Entity that Transfers Pathogens: Fomite
    • Constantly Present Disease: Endemic
    • Microbes Commonly Found on Humans: Mesophiles
    • Curved Bacteria: Vibrio
    • Long-term Infection: Latent
    • Insect-Vector Transmission: Biological vector
    • Pathogen Definition: A microbe that can cause disease at any time

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on various concepts in microbiology from the Spring 2021 midterm. This quiz covers topics such as prions, gene transfer methods, and infection control practices. Challenge yourself to see how well you understand microorganisms and their interactions with humans.

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