Microbiology Quiz: Bacteria and Immunology
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Questions and Answers

Which subpopulation of T-lymphocytes is not included?

  • T – macrophages (correct)
  • T – monocytes (correct)
  • T – helpers
  • T – suppressors
  • Which form of infection is not typically classified?

  • lymphogenic
  • Pandemic (correct)
  • hematogenic
  • epidemic (correct)
  • Which options does not represent a part of a bacterial cell with 3 membranes?

  • dispute (correct)
  • capsule
  • nucleoid (correct)
  • cytoplasmic membrane
  • Which statement about immunological memory is incorrect?

    <p>due to non-specific resistance factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about endoenzymes is incorrect?

    <p>They are released into the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for causing diphtheria?

    <p>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of replica plating?

    <p>Exact transfer of transformed colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is not classified as a pigmented bacterium?

    <p>Enterococcus fecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is typically sterilized using cold sterilization methods?

    <p>Disposable syringes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about stains is true?

    <p>Only basic dyes stain bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential issue with PCR if not properly regulated?

    <p>There is a risk of uncontrolled chain reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example of flagellation is incorrectly matched?

    <p>Monotrichous: Klebsiella pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is not classified as a prion disease?

    <p>Lymphocytic choriomeningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is associated with the microbe that secretes acetylmethylcarbinol?

    <p>Is able to recycle citrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process do aerobes predominantly perform for energy production?

    <p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a virulence factor in pathogenic microbes?

    <p>Type of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not represent a form of consequence of infectious diseases?

    <p>Relapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common material used for investigating foodborne toxic infections?

    <p>Food residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristics are typical of Klebsiella microbes?

    <p>Constant capsule providing protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement concerning inducible enzymes is correct?

    <p>Their concentration increases sharply with substrate presence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not apply to sanitary-indicative soil microbes?

    <p>Clostridium Perfringens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term 'dysbiosis' associated with?

    <p>Changing the microbiote in different parts of the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of permease in bacteria?

    <p>Carriers of nutrients from the external environment into the bacterial cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is utilized to assess the number of microbes present in the air?

    <p>Aspiration or sedimentation method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of compound is bacterial endotoxin primarily made of?

    <p>Lipopolysaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of auxotroph bacteria?

    <p>Needing growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sterilization method involves temperatures below 1000 °C?

    <p>Tyndallization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of action of penicillin on bacterial cells?

    <p>Inhibiting cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes interferon?

    <p>A high molecular weight protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism is known to have volutine granules in its cytoplasm?

    <p>Corynebacterium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes resistance to penicillin in many strains of staphylococci?

    <p>Presence of plasmids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme property is associated with invasive bacteria?

    <p>Adhesive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is decisive in vector-borne transmission of pathogens?

    <p>By the bite of blood-sucking insect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition occurs when a pathogen reproduces in the blood?

    <p>Septicemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The presence of which bacterium indicates fecal contamination?

    <p>Streptococcus faecalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria are typically found in putrefactive decay in the soil?

    <p>Bacteria of the genus Proteus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coli-titer of water defined as?

    <p>The minimum amount of water in which E coli is detected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What group do viruses, Rickettsia, and Chlamydia belong to?

    <p>Obligate parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the reproduction of a virus primarily occur?

    <p>In the cell culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathogen is known for having a well-developed capsule?

    <p>Klebsiella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of media is primarily used for the inoculation of anaerobes?

    <p>Medium Kitt-Tarozzi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Pasteur period in microbiology?

    <p>Second half of the 19th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is involved in staining microbes with aniline dyes?

    <p>Physic-chemical process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that Gram staining depends on?

    <p>Structure of the cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which conditions do endospores typically form?

    <p>Unfavorable external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The acid resistance of microorganisms is mainly due to the presence of which component?

    <p>Mycolic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining method is used to detect acid-fast microorganisms?

    <p>The Ziehl-Neelsen method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to identify the flagella of bacteria?

    <p>Morozov (silvering) method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In microbiology, what does the term 'clone' mean?

    <p>Bacteria derived from a single parent cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?

    <p>In the structure of the genetic apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'amphitrichous' refer to in the context of bacterial flagella?

    <p>Bacteria with a single flagellum at both ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microbe was discovered by Rocha-Lima?

    <p>Rickettsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of microorganisms does not form capsules?

    <p>Typhoid fever pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are protoplasts in microbiology?

    <p>Bacteria completely devoid of a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional aspect is primarily supported by the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria?

    <p>Entry of nutrients and exit of metabolic products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'spheroplasts' refer to?

    <p>Bacteria partially devoid of a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Microbiology Study Notes

    • Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
    • The Pasteur period in microbiology development spanned the latter half of the 19th century and encompassed the beginning of the 20th century.
    • Staining microbes with aniline dyes is a crucial technique that helps study microbial morphology and internal structure. A key method for this task is Gram staining.
    • Gram staining depends on the structure of the bacterial cell wall.
    • Endospore formation is influenced by unfavorable environmental conditions like low temperatures, drying, and ingestion by humans or animals.
    • Acid resistance in microorganisms is linked to the presence of mycolic acid.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on various aspects of microbiology, including T-lymphocytes, bacterial structures, and immunological concepts. This quiz features questions about infections, staining techniques, and microbial characteristics that are crucial for understanding pathogens and their interactions with hosts.

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