Microbiology: Pathogens Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which type of bacteria are responsible for digesting non-living food materials?

  • Saprophytes (correct)
  • Parasites
  • Lactobacilli
  • Coliform bacilli

What type of organisms are considered intermediate between a virus and a bacterium?

  • Rickettsiae (correct)
  • Protozoa
  • Fungi
  • Coliform bacilli

Which diseases are caused by rickettsiae?

  • Influenza and Common cold
  • Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Typhus fever (correct)
  • Tuberculosis and Streptococcus
  • Tetanus and Botulism

What type of microorganism is considered the human body's worst enemy?

<p>Viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria are known to help break down carbohydrates and combat disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Lactobacilli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of roundworms?

<p>Abdominal pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are tapeworm eggs commonly transmitted?

<p>Through raw or undercooked food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of parasitic worms known as?

<p>Helminthology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with pinworms?

<p>Severe abdominal cramps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What illness is caused by Trichinella spiralis?

<p>Trichinosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary symptoms of tapeworm infection?

<p>Fatigue, irritability, and pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a person typically contract trichinosis?

<p>By consuming undercooked pork or meat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional symptoms may occur in patients infected with tapeworms?

<p>Abdominal pain and weight loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the symptoms of threadworm infection?

<p>Anal itching and pale skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do flukes mature before they enter the human body?

<p>In freshwater snails (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible hazard in the workplace regarding water contamination?

<p>Washing in water contaminated by infected individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some ways flukes can enter the human body?

<p>Penetrating the skin during swimming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the symptoms that may indicate infection in an individual?

<p>Muscle aches and coughing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogen is known for causing diseases like Typhus?

<p>Rickettsiae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of protozoa compared to bacteria?

<p>They are single-celled organisms but larger than bacteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen type primarily feeds on dead organisms?

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are helminths classified as?

<p>Parasites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathogens cannot produce their own food?

<p>Fungi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pathogens

Tiny microorganisms that cause disease

Bacteria

One-celled organisms, some are helpful, some cause disease.

Rickettsiae

Organisms between bacteria and viruses, spread by insects

Viruses

Tiny, simple organisms much smaller than bacteria

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Bacteria types (saprophyte/parasite)

Bacteria that feed on non-living materials (saprophytes) and living organisms (parasites).

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Parasitic Worm Class

Roundworms, pinworms, tapeworms, and flukes are types of parasitic worms (helminths).

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Helminth

A parasitic worm, or a worm-like parasite, such as roundworms or tapeworms.

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Roundworm Symptoms

Fatigue, weight loss, irritability, poor appetite, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are common symptoms.

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Tapeworm Transmission

Tapeworm eggs often spread via raw or undercooked food.

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Trichinosis Cause

Trichinosis is caused by the Trichinella spiralis worm, often found in raw pork.

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Tapeworm symptoms

Fatigue, irritability, poor appetite, pain, and diarrhea are common symptoms.

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Threadworm symptom

Anal itching is a key symptom, along with pale skin and discomfort.

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Trichinosis transmission

Undercooked pork or meat is the primary source.

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Trichinosis symptoms

Vomiting, cramps, and high fever are common symptoms.

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Flukes transmission

Penetration of the skin through contaminated water is a common way of transmission.

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Flukes location

Flukes can be present in the liver, bladder, intestines, spleen, and lungs.

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Contaminated water hazard

Water contaminated by infected individuals can lead to parasite transmission from direct contact or consumption.

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Fungi

Simple organisms that feed on dead matter, causing diseases like ringworm.

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Parasites

Organisms that live on or in other organisms, benefiting from the host.

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Study Notes

Pathogens

  • Pathogens are tiny microorganisms that cause disease.
  • Types of pathogens:
    • Bacteria
    • Rickettsiae
    • Viruses
    • Fungi
    • Parasites

Bacteria

  • Bacteria are one-celled microorganisms that are widespread.
  • Bacteria digest non-living materials such as milk and meat.
  • Some bacteria are called saprophytes or animal parasites.
  • A parasite is an organism that lives in or on another organism and feeds on it.
  • Examples of bacteria include toxins, which produce poison called botulism, tetanuses, and lockjaw.

Rickettsiae

  • Rickettsiae are organisms that are considered intermediate between a virus and a bacterium.
  • They grow in the intestinal tracts of insects.
  • Examples of Rickettsiae are lice, mites, and ticks.
  • Typhus is a rocky mountain spotted fever caused by rickettsia.

Viruses

  • Viruses are small, simple life-like forms from one-half to 100 times smaller than bacteria.
  • Viruses are the human body's worst enemy.

Fungi

  • Fungi cannot make their own food.
  • They live on dead animals, insects, and leaves.
  • Examples include yeasts and mushrooms.

Parasites

  • Parasites live on or inside other organisms.
  • Parasites are classified as a disease.
  • Examples of parasites are:
    • Tapeworms
    • Pinworms
    • Roundworms
    • Flukes

Other information

  • Diseases caused by these organisms are:
    • Amoebic dysentery
    • Polio
    • Viral hepatitis
    • Chicken pox
    • Mumps
    • Measles
    • Smallpox
    • Shingles
    • Cold sores
    • Warts
    • Trichinosis

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