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Microbiology: Pathogenesis and Autoimmune Response

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Microbiology: Pathogenesis and Autoimmune Response

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Questions and Answers

What is the post-streptococcal sequel that occurs in acute rheumatic fever?

Tissue reaction

Autoimmune phenomenon

Cross reaction with human myosin

Pathogenesis (correct)

What is the name of the criteria used to diagnose acute rheumatic fever?

Jones criteria (correct)

Infectious disease criteria

Streptococcal infection criteria

Rheumatogenic criteria

What is the typical feature of acute rheumatic fever?

Multiple subcutaneous painless small nodules on the skin

Fever with inflammation of multiple joints and rashes on the skin (correct)

Fever with inflammation of a single joint

Laboratory diagnosis of streptococcal infection

What is the name of the small nodules that occur on the bony prominences of the hands, legs, and back?

Aschoff's nodules Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever established?

Either one major and two minor or two major and one minor criteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the carbohydrate on the cell wall of group A streptococci that cross-reacts with human antigens?

N-acetyl glucosamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for Acute Rheumatic Fever?

Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative antibiotic used for individuals allergic to penicillin?

Erythromycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of treatment with Penicillin for Acute Rheumatic Fever?

10 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosing frequency of benzathine penicillin for long-term prophylaxis?

Once every four weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Amoxicillin used to treat Acute Rheumatic Fever in children?

50 mg/kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature threshold for fever considered as a minor diagnostic criterion for rheumatic fever?

38.5°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of valvular damage in rheumatic heart disease?

CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of cases that develop rheumatic heart disease if left untreated?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the antibodies that cross-react with the sarcolemma of heart muscles in rheumatic heart disease?

Cross-reacting antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly affected valve in rheumatic heart disease?

Mitral valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term consequence of repeated episodes of rheumatic heart disease on the cardiac valves?

Valvular thickening and fibrosis Signup and view all the answers