Microbiology: Pathogenesis and Autoimmune Response

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Questions and Answers

What is the post-streptococcal sequel that occurs in acute rheumatic fever?

  • Tissue reaction
  • Autoimmune phenomenon
  • Cross reaction with human myosin
  • Pathogenesis (correct)

What is the name of the criteria used to diagnose acute rheumatic fever?

  • Jones criteria (correct)
  • Infectious disease criteria
  • Streptococcal infection criteria
  • Rheumatogenic criteria

What is the typical feature of acute rheumatic fever?

  • Multiple subcutaneous painless small nodules on the skin
  • Fever with inflammation of multiple joints and rashes on the skin (correct)
  • Fever with inflammation of a single joint
  • Laboratory diagnosis of streptococcal infection

What is the name of the small nodules that occur on the bony prominences of the hands, legs, and back?

<p>Aschoff's nodules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever established?

<p>Either one major and two minor or two major and one minor criteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the carbohydrate on the cell wall of group A streptococci that cross-reacts with human antigens?

<p>N-acetyl glucosamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for Acute Rheumatic Fever?

<p>Penicillin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative antibiotic used for individuals allergic to penicillin?

<p>Erythromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of treatment with Penicillin for Acute Rheumatic Fever?

<p>10 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosing frequency of benzathine penicillin for long-term prophylaxis?

<p>Once every four weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Amoxicillin used to treat Acute Rheumatic Fever in children?

<p>50 mg/kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature threshold for fever considered as a minor diagnostic criterion for rheumatic fever?

<p>38.5°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of valvular damage in rheumatic heart disease?

<p>CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of cases that develop rheumatic heart disease if left untreated?

<p>60% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the antibodies that cross-react with the sarcolemma of heart muscles in rheumatic heart disease?

<p>Cross-reacting antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly affected valve in rheumatic heart disease?

<p>Mitral valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term consequence of repeated episodes of rheumatic heart disease on the cardiac valves?

<p>Valvular thickening and fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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