Microbiology Flashcards

What are infectious protein particles called?

What does reverse transcriptase synthesize?

What term is more appropriate rather than saying a virus is alive?

Which of the following options are correct regarding viral nucleic acids? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following are host cells of viruses? (Select all that apply)

What are virus capsids made from?

Two non-cellular agents smaller than viruses are infectious proteins called ___________ and the infectious RNA strands called ___________.

All of the following are located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

What is the primary purpose of viral cultivation? (Select all that apply)

What protrudes from the viral envelope?

What does lysogeny refer to?

What are infectious naked strands of RNA that affect plants called?

What are viral tissue specificities called?

The core of every virus particle always contains __________ or __________.

Prions and Viroids

Prions are infectious protein particles responsible for various neurodegenerative diseases.
Viroids are infectious RNA strands that primarily affect plants, lacking a protein coat.

Reverse Transcriptase

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that synthesizes DNA from RNA templates, crucial in retroviruses.

Virus Activity

Instead of classifying viruses as living organisms, they are more accurately described as "active" when they can infect and replicate within host cells.

Viral Nucleic Acids

Viral nucleic acids can include both DNA and RNA, which may be single-stranded or double-stranded, and can be segmented or non-segmented.

Host Cells

Viruses can infect a wide range of host cells, including plants, animals, and bacteria (prokaryotes).

Capsomeres

Virus capsids, the protective protein shells of viruses, are constructed from protein subunits known as capsomeres.

Virus Structure

Viral structures often contain capsids that encase the genetic material, while some viruses have envelopes that contain viral spikes protruding from their surface.

Lysogeny

Lysogeny is the process by which a viral genome integrates into a bacterial host chromosome, allowing the virus to persist without immediately destroying the host.

Viral Spikes

Viral spikes are protein structures that protrude from the viral envelope, playing a key role in viral attachment to host cells.

Viral Cultivation

The primary purpose of viral cultivation includes studying virus behavior, characteristics, and developing vaccines or treatments.

Tropisms

Tropisms refer to the specific tissue or cell types that viruses preferentially infect, influencing pathogenicity and disease manifestations.

Viral Core

Every virus particle contains a core that consists of genetic material, which can be either RNA or DNA, essential for the virus’s replication and propagation.

Test your knowledge of microbiology concepts with these flashcards. Covering various terms and definitions, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of infectious agents like prions and the nature of viral nucleic acids.