Questions and Answers
Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized?
capsule
A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has?
flagella
A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is?
Mycobacterium
When a rod-shaped bacteria is short and plump, it is called a?
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The periplasmic space is?
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Which of the following characteristics is not a property of cells or living things? Nucleus
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The function of bacterial endospores is?
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Hot Carbol Fuchsin is the primary dye in the acid fast stain.
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The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be?
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Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma and bacteria called L-forms lack cell walls.
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The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions, and cysts would be associated with?
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The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is?
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The site/s for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is/are the?
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Study Notes
Bacterial Structures and Characteristics
- Capsule: A protective structure that prevents bacteria from being phagocytized by immune cells.
- Flagella: A feature that allows bacterial cells to exhibit chemotaxis, enabling them to move toward or away from chemicals.
- Mycobacterium: A bacterial genus characterized by the presence of waxy mycolic acid in its cell walls, contributing to its resilience.
- Coccobacillus: A term used to describe short and plump rod-shaped bacteria, blending characteristics of both cocci and bacilli.
- Periplasmic Space: An important area in bacteria that serves as a site for various biochemical reactions, facilitating the transport of substances.
Cellular Properties and Functions
- Nucleus: Not considered a property of cells or living organisms in prokaryotes, as they lack a true nucleus.
- Endospores: Specialized structures in bacteria providing protection for genetic material during adverse conditions, ensuring survival.
- Ribosomes: Critical for protein synthesis; destruction leads to immediate cessation of protein production within the cell.
Staining and Identification Techniques
- Hot Carbol Fuchsin: Recognized as the primary dye in the acid-fast staining technique, useful for identifying mycobacterial infections.
- Mycoplasma and L-forms: Unique types of bacteria that lack cell walls, making them flexible and resistant to certain antibiotics.
Cyanobacteria Features
- Associated with a variety of structures including thylakoids (for photosynthesis), phycocyanin (a pigment), gas inclusions (buoyancy), and cysts (survival under unfavorable conditions).
Bacterial Flagella Types
- Peritrichous Flagella: Refers to the presence of flagella distributed over the entire cell surface, facilitating movement in various directions.
ATP Synthesis in Prokaryotes
- Most ATP synthesis occurs at the cell membrane, emphasizing its role in energy production for prokaryotic organisms.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key terms in Microbiology Chapter 4 with these flashcards. From bacterial structures to specific genera, this quiz covers essential concepts to help reinforce your learning.
