Microbiology Chapter 4 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

capsule

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has?

flagella

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is?

Mycobacterium

When a rod-shaped bacteria is short and plump, it is called a?

<p>coccobacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The periplasmic space is?

<p>an important reaction site for substances entering and leaving the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is not a property of cells or living things? Nucleus

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The function of bacterial endospores is?

<p>for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hot Carbol Fuchsin is the primary dye in the acid fast stain.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be?

<p>protein synthesis would stop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma and bacteria called L-forms lack cell walls.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions, and cysts would be associated with?

<p>cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is?

<p>peritrichous</p> Signup and view all the answers

The site/s for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is/are the?

<p>cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bacterial Structures and Characteristics

  • Capsule: A protective structure that prevents bacteria from being phagocytized by immune cells.
  • Flagella: A feature that allows bacterial cells to exhibit chemotaxis, enabling them to move toward or away from chemicals.
  • Mycobacterium: A bacterial genus characterized by the presence of waxy mycolic acid in its cell walls, contributing to its resilience.
  • Coccobacillus: A term used to describe short and plump rod-shaped bacteria, blending characteristics of both cocci and bacilli.
  • Periplasmic Space: An important area in bacteria that serves as a site for various biochemical reactions, facilitating the transport of substances.

Cellular Properties and Functions

  • Nucleus: Not considered a property of cells or living organisms in prokaryotes, as they lack a true nucleus.
  • Endospores: Specialized structures in bacteria providing protection for genetic material during adverse conditions, ensuring survival.
  • Ribosomes: Critical for protein synthesis; destruction leads to immediate cessation of protein production within the cell.

Staining and Identification Techniques

  • Hot Carbol Fuchsin: Recognized as the primary dye in the acid-fast staining technique, useful for identifying mycobacterial infections.
  • Mycoplasma and L-forms: Unique types of bacteria that lack cell walls, making them flexible and resistant to certain antibiotics.

Cyanobacteria Features

  • Associated with a variety of structures including thylakoids (for photosynthesis), phycocyanin (a pigment), gas inclusions (buoyancy), and cysts (survival under unfavorable conditions).

Bacterial Flagella Types

  • Peritrichous Flagella: Refers to the presence of flagella distributed over the entire cell surface, facilitating movement in various directions.

ATP Synthesis in Prokaryotes

  • Most ATP synthesis occurs at the cell membrane, emphasizing its role in energy production for prokaryotic organisms.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key terms in Microbiology Chapter 4 with these flashcards. From bacterial structures to specific genera, this quiz covers essential concepts to help reinforce your learning.

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