Microbiology Chapter 34 Flashcards

Capable of being transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another.

<p>The propagation of a mass of microorganisms in a laboratory culture medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mixture of nutrients in which microorganisms are grown in the laboratory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In microbiology, it refers to placing a culture in a chamber that provides optimal growth requirements for multiplication of the organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interval of time between invasion by pathogenic microorganisms and the appearance of the first symptoms of disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A disease caused by a pathogen that produces harmful effects on its host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To introduce microorganisms into a culture medium for growth and multiplication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scientific study of microorganisms and their activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harmless, nonpathogenic microorganisms that normally reside in many parts of the body but do not cause disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small sample or part taken from the body to show the nature of the whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria that have a spiral or curved shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tiny living plants and animals that cannot be seen by the naked eye but must be viewed under a microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All life processes used to sustain life; ingestion of food; energy, growth, reproduction and excretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are found almost everywhere; in the air, in food and water, in the soil, and in association with plants, animals, and human life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Normal flora in the intestinal tract that feed on potentially harmful microorganisms; 2) Organisms found in the intestinal tract that synthesize vitamin K.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a pathogen enters the body, it attempts to invade tissues so that it can grow and multiply. The body tries to stop the invasion with its natural defense mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation, phagocytosis by white blood cells, and antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An infection that is indirectly transmitted by tiny contaminated droplets of moisture expelled from the upper respiratory tract of an infected individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contagious individuals should cover their mouths and noses while coughing or sneezing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interval of time between the invasion of a pathogen and the appearance of the first symptom of the disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A short period of time in which the first symptoms that indicate an approaching disease occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the disease is at its peak and symptoms are fully developed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boils, carbuncles, and abscesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strep throat, scarlet fever, and rheumatic fever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Botulism, tetanus, and gas gangrene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Found in normal flora of the large intestine in enormous numbers. If E. coli enters the urinary tract, it may cause a UTI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influenza, chickenpox, measles, mumps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flat, horizontal platform on which the microscope slide is placed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lens system between the light source and object that collects and concentrates the light rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A series of horizontally arranged interlocking plates with a central opening that controls the amount of light needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used first to obtain an approximate focus quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used to obtain the precise focusing necessary to produce a sharp, clear image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first lens system; located on the top of the body tube and marked 10x, meaning that it magnifies 10 times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used for the initial focusing and light adjustment; used for initial observation and scanning requirements needed for most microscopic work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used for more thorough study, such as observing cells in greater detail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides the highest magnification and is used to view very small structures or the detail of larger structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doesn't dry out; it provides a path for light to travel and prevents the scattering of light rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Always carry the microscope with 2 hands. 2) Don't touch the lens. 3) Keep it covered with a plastic dust cover. 4) Clean it with mild soap. 5) Wipe the metal stage clean with gauze or tissue.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Throat, nose, wounds, cervix, or vagina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Undesirable microorganisms that can enter the specimen and obscure identification of pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>All supplies used to obtain the specimen must be sterile. 2) Microorganisms should not be found in the specimen.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Always wear gloves (OSHA compliant). 2) Eating, drinking, smoking, and applying makeup are forbidden.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent death of pathogens or overgrowth of the specimen by microorganisms that are part of normal flora.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiotics may suppress the growth of bacteria, which could produce a false negative result.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insert a swab into the area of wound that contains the most drainage and gently rotate the swab to absorb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent drying of the specimen and preserve it in its original state until it reaches its destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stored at room temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A bacterial infection of the back of the throat and tonsils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most frequent in children ages 5 to 15.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sore throat, trouble swallowing, fever of 101 or higher, red and swollen tonsils, white patches or streaks on throat, and headache.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Easily spread through droplet infection or by sharing personal items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A morbid secondary condition that occurs as a result of a less serious infection; the patient may develop rheumatic fever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rheumatic fever or acute glomerulonephritis; can be prevented through early detection and antibiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are easy to use and provide results in a short period of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most prevalent and responsible for most annual influenza outbreaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes influenza outbreaks but is associated with a less severe infection than type A.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes a mild upper respiratory illness and occurs much less frequently than type A and B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When an infected person coughs or sneezes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 days, with a range from 1 to 4 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are contagious for about 24 to 48 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flu symptoms have a more sudden onset and symptoms are much worse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fever and chills, muscle aches, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, dry cough, headache, joint pain, fatigue, and anorexia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If they have asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, diabetes, heart disease, kidney/liver disease, blood disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral pneumonia, worsening chronic diseases, bacterial pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, and otitis media.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flu vaccine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recommended for all individuals ages 6 months and older.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small changes continually take place in the genetic material, resulting in new strains that replace older strains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides reasonable protection, reduces symptoms, and decreases the risk of complications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Practice good hand hygiene, social distancing, don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth, cover your nose and mouth when coughing, and stay home if you have the flu.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They work by limiting the multiplication of the influenza virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used for unvaccinated individuals infected with the flu who are at risk of developing complications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If an individual has all of the symptoms of influenza.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Used to detect if it is influenza A or B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flu virus invades epithelial cells in the nasopharynx.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removes a greater amount of epithelial cells from the nasopharynx.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 4 to 6 cm (1.5 to 2.5 inches).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To induce any pathogens present to grow and multiply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood provides nutrients that support the growth of a variety of bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mixed culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the best antibiotic to treat the condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discs impregnated with known concentrations of antibiotics are dropped on the surface of a solid culture medium inoculated with a pathogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers