Microbiology Basics Quiz

<p>Saprotrophic bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary fission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saprophytic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unfavorable conditions like lack of food or extreme heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endospore (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are primarily multicellular. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage of genetic information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They share characteristics with multiple kingdoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vibrio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saprophyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Membrane-bound organelles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary fission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breaking down dead organic matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are larger than viruses and can be seen using a light microscope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free-living bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amoeba (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide nutrients to other organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can only obtain energy from living organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denitrification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autotrophic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungi are always multicellular organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyphae are the thread-like structures that make up the fungal body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses are not considered to be living organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Algae have cell walls made of cellulose while fungi have cell walls made of chitin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The temperature of the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bread mold will not grow in the refrigerator. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The window sill was the warmest environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutualism, where both the fungi and the plant benefit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrate ($NO_3^-$) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased root growth and increased nutrient uptake. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converting atmospheric nitrogen gas ($N_2$) into a usable form for plants. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of essential vitamins, such as vitamin K. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutualism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are herbivores that digest food in a specialized four-chambered stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing food for the fungus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E. coli is only harmful under specific conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commensalism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasitism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The irregular loop of DNA in prokaryotic cells, lacking a membrane.

Cells without a membrane-bound nucleus, like bacteria.

A small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule found in bacteria's cytoplasm.

A whip-like structure used by bacteria for movement in liquid.

Bacteria that create their own food using sunlight or chemicals.

Bacteria that cannot make their own food and depend on others.

Simple cell division process bacteria use to reproduce rapidly.

Survival structures formed by bacteria in unfavorable conditions.

Organisms that feed on decaying tissues of other organisms.

Bacteria are classified by shapes like cocci, bacilli, spirilla, and vibrio.

A structural layer made of polysaccharides surrounding bacterial cells.

Gel-like substance within a bacterial cell, surrounded by the cell membrane.

A protective layer some bacteria have to prevent drying out.

A tough, protective polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls.

Filamentous structures that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi.

A mass of hyphae that forms the main body of a fungus.

Budding is the method by which unicellular fungi reproduce asexually.

Reproductive cells that allow multicellular fungi to reproduce asexually.

The classification system that includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

The factor measured in an experiment, affected by the independent variable.

The factor manipulated to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Bacteria in the gut that aid digestion and produce vitamin K.

Bacteria that help digest cellulose in ruminants and termites.

Fungi that interact with plant roots to enhance nutrient absorption.

Process by which nitrogen gas is converted into usable compounds for plants.

A close interaction between two different biological organisms.

Organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead organic material.

They recycle living materials and maintain environmental balance.

Process where bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.

Process where denitrifying bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere.

Interactions between different species that can be beneficial or harmful.

Organisms like autotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton that form the base of food chains.

A symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit.

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other.

Composite organisms made up of fungi growing symbiotically with algae or cyanobacteria.

Even-toed mammals that chew the cud regurgitated from their rumen.

Bacteria that convert free nitrogen in the atmosphere into nitrates for plant use.

A type of mutualistic bacteria found in the human intestine that aids in digestion.