Microbiology Antibiotics and Dyes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of bacteria are Vancomycin inhibitors selective for?

  • Brucella bacteria
  • Gram-negative bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Gram-positive bacteria (correct)

Which of the following is an indicator used in culture media to detect acid or alkaline products?

  • pH indicators (correct)
  • Thionine
  • Basic fuchsin
  • Phenylethyl alcohol

What is the purpose of adding dyes and chemical substances like pH indicators in culture media?

  • To provide nutrients for bacteria
  • To inhibit bacterial growth
  • To detect acid or alkaline products (correct)
  • To promote fungal growth

Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned as an inhibitor for Proteus bacteria?

<p>Colistin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organic compounds do heterotrophs metabolize in the body?

<p>Carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the products when organic compounds are metabolized by bacteria?

<p>Acids or alcohols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enrichment broth is specifically used for the growth of Salmonella while inhibiting other normal intestinal flora?

<p>Selenite F Broth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Todd-Hewitt Broth?

<p>Support the growth of Streptococci for serological grouping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which agar is selective for Gram-negative Enteric bacilli and contains Eosin and Methylene Blue as differential indicators?

<p>EMB Agar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bacteria categorization, what distinguishes lactose fermenters from non-lactose fermenters?

<p>Utilization of lactose as a carbon source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If using an organic compound, what differentiates bacteria capable of fermentation from those capable of oxidation?

<p>Ability to metabolize glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Thioglycolate Broth be used solely in the isolation of anaerobic bacteria?

<p>It can also grow aerobes and facultative anaerobes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria does not produce pigment with or without light?

<p>Non-Photochromogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding inhibitor (Trimethroprim) to Proteus on Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA)?

<p>To control the morphology of Neisseria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which culture medium is specifically used for observation of hydrogen sulfide gas production, indole production, and motility?

<p>Sulfide Indole Motility Medium (SIM) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria are typically observed on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) with colonies on the surface of the medium?

<p>Neisseria spp. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria is capable of producing pigment when incubated without light?

<p>Scotochromogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of AST, what does it mean when a bacterium is labeled as 'Susceptible'?

<p>Capable of inhibiting bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial species can tolerate up to 10% salt concentration, except Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus?

<p>Bacillus spp. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the degradation product of hemoglobin that serves as the X factor in culture media?

<p>Hematin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture media contains lysed RBC and has both X and V factors?

<p>Chocolate Agar Plate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the V factor not present in Blood Agar Plate (BAP) according to the text?

<p>The RBC is intact, leading to NADase hydrolyzing the NAD (V factor). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the V factor be preserved in a culture medium that contains NADase, according to the text?

<p>Applying physical methods such as heat to inactivate NADase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Chocolate Agar Plate (CAP) have both X and V factors available according to the text?

<p>NADase is inactivated by physical methods like heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solidifying agent commonly used in a culture medium?

<p>Agar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medium is typically used for observation of hydrogen sulfide gas production, indole production, and motility?

<p>Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) Medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium is commonly used as a base in the preparation of other culture media?

<p>Nutrient agar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does a primary media enriched with blood serve in microbiology?

<p>To promote growth of fastidious microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemicals are commonly used as inhibitors for gram-positive bacteria in culture media?

<p>Sodium deoxycholate and thiosulfate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a culture medium containing additives and supplements to support the growth of fastidious microorganisms?

<p>To support the growth of fastidious microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What type of bacteria are Vancomycin inhibitors selective for?

Gram-positive bacteria are a type of bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall.

What is an indicator used in culture media to detect acid or alkaline products?

pH indicators are substances that change colour based on the acidity or alkalinity of their environment. This helps identify bacterial byproducts.

Why are dyes and chemical substances like pH indicators added to culture media?

Dyes and pH indicators are used in culture media to visually identify bacterial growth or by-products, making identification easier.

Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned as an inhibitor for Proteus bacteria?

Colistin is an antibiotic that specifically targets Proteus bacteria, which are often resistant to other antibiotics.

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What type of organic compounds do heterotrophs metabolize in the body?

Heterotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms. They break down carbohydrates to get energy.

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What are the products of organic compound metabolism by bacteria?

When bacteria metabolize organic compounds, they produce acids or alcohols as byproducts. This is a key characteristic of metabolic processes.

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Which enrichment broth is specifically used for the growth of Salmonella?

Selenite F Broth is a selective medium that helps grow Salmonella while suppressing the growth of other bacteria normally found in the intestines. It's a rich environment for Salmonella.

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What is the purpose of Todd-Hewitt Broth?

Todd-Hewitt Broth is a broth specifically designed to support the growth of Streptococci, making it easier to study their serological characteristics.

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Which agar is selective for Gram-negative Enteric bacilli?

EMB Agar is a selective and differential media, rich in Eosin and Methylene Blue dyes. These dyes help identify bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose. It's like a 'party' for gram-negative Enteric bacteria.

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What distinguishes lactose fermenters from non-lactose fermenters?

Lactose fermenters are bacteria that can utilize lactose as a carbon source for energy. Non-lactose fermenters cannot utilise lactose. The ability to use lactose is a key characteristic used in bacterial identification.

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If using an organic compound, what differentiates bacteria capable of fermentation from those capable of oxidation?

Fermenting bacteria break down glucose (sugar) in the absence of oxygen, producing acids or alcohol as byproducts. Oxidising bacteria use oxygen to break down glucose, producing carbon dioxide and water.

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Why should Thioglycolate Broth be used solely in the isolation of anaerobic bacteria?

Thioglycolate Broth is specifically designed for the isolation of anaerobic bacteria. It's a 'safe space' for anaerobes, away from oxygen. However, this broth also encourages the growth of aerobes and facultative anaerobes.

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Which type of bacteria does not produce pigment with or without light?

Non-photochromogens are bacteria that don't produce pigment, regardless of whether they're exposed to light or not. They lack the ability to make color.

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What is the purpose of adding inhibitor (Trimethroprim) to Proteus on Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA)?

Trimethroprim inhibits the growth of Proteus bacteria on Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA). This helps maintain optimal conditions for Neisseria growth.

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Which culture medium is specifically used for observation of hydrogen sulfide gas production, indole production, and motility?

Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) Medium is a useful tool to observe three key bacterial characteristics: production of hydrogen sulfide gas, indole production, and motility. It's like a multi-tasker, checking multiple boxes.

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Which bacteria are typically observed on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) with colonies on the surface of the medium?

Neisseria spp. are commonly observed on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA), forming colonies on the surface of the medium. It's their preferred habitat for growth.

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Which type of bacteria is capable of producing pigment when incubated without light?

Scotochromogens are bacteria that produce pigment ONLY when incubated in the dark. They're the 'dark horse' color producers.

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In the context of AST, what does it mean when a bacterium is labeled as 'Susceptible'?

A bacterium is labeled 'Susceptible' in AST when it can be inhibited by the specific antibiotics tested. It's like being 'vulnerable' to the antibiotic's power.

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Which bacterial species can tolerate up to 10% salt concentration?

Bacillus spp., except Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus, are bacteria that can tolerate high salt concentrations, up to 10%. They're the 'salt-loving' bacteria.

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What is the degradation product of hemoglobin that serves as the X factor in culture media?

Hematin, a degradation product of hemoglobin, is a crucial X factor in some culture media. It's like a special ingredient for certain bacteria.

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Which type of culture media contains lysed RBC and has both X and V factors?

Chocolate Agar Plate (CAP) is a rich culture media that contains lysed RBC, providing both X and V factors needed by fastidious bacteria. It's a 'buffet' for bacteria.

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Why is the V factor not present in Blood Agar Plate (BAP) according to the text?

The V factor is not present in Blood Agar Plate (BAP) because the red blood cells (RBC) are intact, allowing NADase to break down NAD (V factor). It's like a 'missing ingredient' in the BAP recipe.

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How can the V factor be preserved in a culture medium that contains NADase?

The V factor can be preserved by inactivating NADase through heating. It's like preventing the 'destroyer' from breaking down a vital factor.

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Why does Chocolate Agar Plate (CAP) have both X and V factors available according to the text?

Chocolate Agar Plate (CAP) has both X and V factors because NADase is inactivated by heat. It's a 'cooked' solution that prevents the V factor from being destroyed.

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What is the solidifying agent commonly used in a culture medium?

Agar is a solidifying agent commonly used in culture media. It acts like a 'gelatin' for bacteria, providing a solid environment for growth.

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Which medium is typically used for observation of hydrogen sulfide gas production, indole production, and motility?

Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) Medium is a commonly used culture medium to observe hydrogen sulfide gas production, indole production, and motility. It offers multiple bacterial characteristics in a single medium.

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Which type of culture medium is commonly used as a base in the preparation of other culture media?

Nutrient agar is a basic culture medium used as a foundation for other culture media, often enriched with other ingredients. It's like a 'blank canvas' for bacteria.

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What function does a primary media enriched with blood serve in microbiology?

Primary media enriched with blood supports the growth of fastidious microorganisms. It provides nutrients for 'picky' bacteria to thrive.

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Which chemicals are commonly used as inhibitors for gram-positive bacteria in culture media?

Sodium deoxycholate and thiosulfate are chemicals commonly used as inhibitors for gram-positive bacteria in culture media. It helps create a 'hostile environment' for these bacteria.

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What is the purpose of a culture medium containing additives and supplements?

A culture medium containing additives and supplements supports the growth of fastidious microorganisms.

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