29 Questions
What is the primary method of sterilization mentioned in the text?
Heating
Which term refers to killing or removing all forms of microbial life, including endospores?
Commercial Sterilization
What is the purpose of sanitization as explained in the text?
To meet public health standards and reduce disease transmission risk
Which term is used for the mechanical removal of most microbes in a limited area?
Degerming
What does asepsis refer to in the context of the text?
Absence of significant contamination
Which term is associated with reducing the number of pathogenic microorganisms to a non-disease causing level?
Disinfection
What is the difference between a bacteriostatic agent and a bactericide?
Bacteriostatic agents inhibit bacterial growth, while bactericides kill bacteria.
What is the role of a viricide?
Inactivates viruses
Which factor influences the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment related to environmental influences?
Presence of organic matter
Why does exposure time matter in antimicrobial treatment?
Longer exposure is required for resistant organisms or spores.
Which microbial characteristic can hinder the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment?
Resistance genes
How does pH influence the effectiveness of heat as an antimicrobial agent?
Heat is more effective in acidic pH.
Which type of microbe is not susceptible to protein denaturing due to its hydrophobic coat?
Mycobacteria
What happens to the cutting edges of surgical instruments that are exposed to moisture or corrosive chemicals?
They develop pitting due to rust and corrosion
Which method of microbial control involves altering membrane permeability?
Damage to proteins and nucleic acids
Why is damage to proteins and nucleic acids a significant mechanism of microbial control?
Denatures essential proteins and enzymes
Which physical method of microbial control involves using temperature to kill or inhibit growth?
Heat treatment
Why are fabrics not suitable for chemical disinfection according to the provided text?
They are too fragile
What is the term used to describe the lowest temperature at which all microbes in liquid suspension will be killed in 10 minutes?
Thermal Death Point (TDP)
Which method achieves higher temperatures than boiling for sterilization?
Moist Heat (steam) and pressure
What is the term used to describe the time in minutes in which 90% of bacteria at a given temperature will be killed?
Decimal Reduction Time (DRT)
Which term refers to the process of inhibiting microbial growth by drying out a substance?
Desiccation
What is the term used to describe the minimal length of time for all microbes in liquid suspension to be killed at a given temperature?
Thermal Death Time (TDT)
What is the purpose of pasteurization?
To kill all organisms and their endospores in a quick process
How does dry heat sterilization mainly kill microorganisms?
By burning them to ashes or by oxidation
What is the purpose of boiling in terms of killing pathogens?
Kills vegetative forms of bacterial pathogens, viruses, and fungi within 10 minutes
Which method is suitable for sterilizing heat-sensitive materials?
Filtration
What is the main purpose of refrigerating temperatures for microbes?
Slows the metabolic rate of microbes
Which method is mainly used for sterilizing items not suitable for autoclaving?
Hot air sterilization
Learn about key definitions related to the control of microbial growth in laboratory settings, including sterilization and commercial sterilization methods. Discover how heating is commonly used to achieve sterilization and the importance of properly handling canned foods to prevent botulism.
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