Microbiology and Parasitology Lab: Control of Microbial Growth Definitions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of sterilization mentioned in the text?

  • Filtration
  • Heating (correct)
  • Chemical treatment
  • UV radiation

    • Which term refers to killing or removing all forms of microbial life, including endospores?

  • Disinfection
  • Degerming
  • Asepsis
  • Commercial Sterilization (correct)

    • What is the purpose of sanitization as explained in the text?

  • To meet public health standards and reduce disease transmission risk (correct)
  • To prevent bacterial contamination in food industry
  • To mechanically remove most microbes in a limited area
  • To remove all forms of microbial life in an object

    • Which term is used for the mechanical removal of most microbes in a limited area?

    <p>Degerming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does asepsis refer to in the context of the text?

    <p>Absence of significant contamination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is associated with reducing the number of pathogenic microorganisms to a non-disease causing level?

    <p>Disinfection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a bacteriostatic agent and a bactericide?

    <p>Bacteriostatic agents inhibit bacterial growth, while bactericides kill bacteria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a viricide?

    <p>Inactivates viruses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment related to environmental influences?

    <p>Presence of organic matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does exposure time matter in antimicrobial treatment?

    <p>Longer exposure is required for resistant organisms or spores. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microbial characteristic can hinder the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment?

    <p>Resistance genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does pH influence the effectiveness of heat as an antimicrobial agent?

    <p>Heat is more effective in acidic pH. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microbe is not susceptible to protein denaturing due to its hydrophobic coat?

    <p>Mycobacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the cutting edges of surgical instruments that are exposed to moisture or corrosive chemicals?

    <p>They develop pitting due to rust and corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of microbial control involves altering membrane permeability?

    <p>Damage to proteins and nucleic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is damage to proteins and nucleic acids a significant mechanism of microbial control?

    <p>Denatures essential proteins and enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical method of microbial control involves using temperature to kill or inhibit growth?

    <p>Heat treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fabrics not suitable for chemical disinfection according to the provided text?

    <p>They are too fragile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the lowest temperature at which all microbes in liquid suspension will be killed in 10 minutes?

    <p>Thermal Death Point (TDP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method achieves higher temperatures than boiling for sterilization?

    <p>Moist Heat (steam) and pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the time in minutes in which 90% of bacteria at a given temperature will be killed?

    <p>Decimal Reduction Time (DRT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the process of inhibiting microbial growth by drying out a substance?

    <p>Desiccation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the minimal length of time for all microbes in liquid suspension to be killed at a given temperature?

    <p>Thermal Death Time (TDT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pasteurization?

    <p>To kill all organisms and their endospores in a quick process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does dry heat sterilization mainly kill microorganisms?

    <p>By burning them to ashes or by oxidation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of boiling in terms of killing pathogens?

    <p>Kills vegetative forms of bacterial pathogens, viruses, and fungi within 10 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is suitable for sterilizing heat-sensitive materials?

    <p>Filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of refrigerating temperatures for microbes?

    <p>Slows the metabolic rate of microbes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is mainly used for sterilizing items not suitable for autoclaving?

    <p>Hot air sterilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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