Microbial World: Chapter 1 Review

False (B)

False (B)

<p>Binary fission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asci (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sporangiospores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basidia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saprophytic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutualistic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Penicillium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Microscopic fungi are eukaryotic organisms that have a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

Chitin is a complex polysaccharide that makes up the cell walls of fungi, providing structural support and protection.

Fungi lack chloroplasts and chlorophyll, which means they cannot perform photosynthesis and rely on other sources for energy.

Most fungi are filamentous, meaning they exist as long, branching threads called hyphae.

A mycelium is a network of interconnected hyphae that allows fungi to spread and absorb nutrients efficiently.

Yeasts are typically unicellular fungi that can reproduce by budding, creating daughter cells.

Dimorphic fungi can exist in both yeast and hyphal forms depending on environmental conditions.

Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus that can cause infections in humans.

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually, using different mechanisms.

Fragmentation involves the separation of a fungal mycelium into pieces, with each piece growing into a new mycelium.

Conidia are asexual spores produced on conidiophores, which are specialized hyphae.

Sporangiospores are asexual spores produced inside a structure called a sporangium, which is located at the tip of a sporangiophore.

Zygospores are thick-walled resistant spores formed during the sexual reproduction of some fungi.

Ascospores are sexual spores produced within a sac-like structure called an ascus.

Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in yeasts where a bud grows from a parent cell and eventually detaches.

Fission is a form of asexual reproduction in some yeasts where the parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Most fungi prefer moderate temperatures, with optimal growth between 20-30°C, but some species can tolerate extreme temperatures.

High humidity and moisture are essential for most fungi to grow, with some species being more tolerant to dryness.

Most fungi prefer slightly acidic conditions, with optimal pH ranging from 4-6.

Most fungi require oxygen to grow, but some yeasts can grow in the absence of oxygen, especially during fermentation.

Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter broken down by enzymes they secrete.

Saprophytic fungi feed on dead and decaying organic matter, playing a vital role in decomposition and nutrient recycling.

Parasitic fungi obtain nutrients from living organisms, causing harm or diseases to their hosts.

Mycorrhizae are symbiotic relationships between fungi and plant roots, where fungi improve nutrient uptake for plants.

Lichens are symbiotic relationships between fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria), where the fungus provides an environment for the alga.

Ascomycetes are a diverse group of fungi characterized by the production of ascospores within asci.

Zygomycetes are fungi with coenocytic hyphae, meaning they lack septa, and often have a sporangium at the tip of their sporangiophores.

Basidiomycetes are fungi that produce basidiospores on a club-shaped structure called a basidium.

Deuteromycetes, or imperfect fungi, are fungi that lack a known sexual reproduction stage.