Microbial Taxonomy Classification Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is taxonomy?

A means by which microorganisms can be grouped together based on similarities.

The 3 fields in taxonomy in order are: _, _, ___

Identification, Classification, Naming

Prokaryote and Eukaryote are not classified in the same group/taxa.

True

Mold (multi-cellular) and Yeast (unicellular) are in the same group.

False Signup and view all the answers

How many methods are there in the phenetic approach?

7 methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the natural classification of microorganisms based on?

Typical similarities, differences, and evolutionary relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main basis of the phylogenetic method of natural classification?

Evolution or history. Signup and view all the answers

What is phenetic classification?

Groups organisms based on shared phenotypic characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

What are the objectives of phenetic classification?

Identification and prediction. Signup and view all the answers

What is a comparison of phenetic and phylogenetic classification?

Phenetic: accurate affinities; Phylogenetic: precise evolutionary relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in phenetic classification?

Collecting strain, purifying, characterizing, estimating similarities, arranging strains. Signup and view all the answers

What is serology?

The study of plasma serum and other bodily fluids to identify antibodies. Signup and view all the answers

What is an antigen and give an example?

A substance that stimulates antibody production; e.g., flagella on microbial cells. Signup and view all the answers

Who are the four scientists whose classification has been used for the organization of microbes?

Linnaeus, Hackel, Whittaker, Woses. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pure culture?

A culture derived from a single organism or colony of the same species. Signup and view all the answers

What are the eight branches of the phylogenetic tree of life?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Signup and view all the answers

What is the species in the phylogenetic classification?

Home Signup and view all the answers

What is the genus in the phylogenetic classification?

Street Signup and view all the answers

What is the family in the phylogenetic classification?

City within the Valley Signup and view all the answers

What is the order in the phylogenetic classification?

Phoenix Signup and view all the answers

What is the class in the phylogenetic classification?

Maricopa County Signup and view all the answers

What is the phylum in the phylogenetic classification?

Arizona Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Taxonomy and Microbial Classification

Taxonomy groups microorganisms based on shared characteristics.
Identification, classification, and naming are the three fields of taxonomy.

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes belong to different taxonomic groups.

Mold vs. Yeast

Molds (multi-cellular) and yeasts (unicellular) are classified in separate groups.

Phenetic Approach

An old method with seven techniques based on observable traits.

Natural Classification

Relies on similarities, differences, and evolutionary relationships of organisms.
Synonymous with the phylogenetic approach, reflecting a taxonomic hierarchy.

Phylogenetic Method

Focuses on the evolutionary history of organisms.
Enhanced accuracy through molecular technology.
Aims to establish natural bacterial classification and understand bacterial evolution.

Phenetic Classification

Organizes organisms by shared phenotypic traits without considering evolutionary relationships.
Components include molecular structure, physiology, and habitat.

Objectives of Phenetic Classification

Identification of unknown organisms for naming purposes.
Prediction of organism properties based on existing data.

Comparison of Classification Methods

Phenetic classification prioritizes accurate affinities and practicality; easier to verify.
Phylogenetic classification focuses on evolutionary relationships; verification is challenging without specific techniques.

Steps in Phenetic Classification

Collecting and purifying strains.
Characterizing strains and estimating numerical similarities.
Arranging strains based on observed relationships.

Serology

Examines plasma serum to identify antibodies and their quantities.

Antigens

Substances that trigger antibody production upon introduction to an animal.
Example: Microbial structures like flagella, capsules, and cell walls can act as antigens.

Key Scientists in Microbial Classification

Linnaeus: Two-Kingdom Classification (1753) - Animal and Plant Kingdoms.
Haeckel: Three-Kingdom Classification (1866) - added Protist Kingdom.
Whittaker: Five Kingdom Classification (1969) - Monera, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, Fungi.
Woese: Proposed three domains (1977) - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.

Pure Culture

Derived from a single organism or colony of the same species.

Phylogenetic Tree of Life

Domains classified hierarchically:
- Domain: Earth
- Kingdom: USA
- Phylum (Division for Bacteria): Arizona
- Class: Maricopa County
- Order: Phoenix
- Family: City within the Valley
- Genus: Street
- Species: Home.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the classification of microbes with this engaging quiz. Learn about taxonomy and its significance in grouping microorganisms based on shared characteristics. Delve into the three main fields of taxonomy and solidify your understanding of microbial classification.