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Questions and Answers
What is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product?
What is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product?
Which process involves making an exact copy of DNA?
Which process involves making an exact copy of DNA?
Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments and mending gaps in the DNA backbone during excision repair?
Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments and mending gaps in the DNA backbone during excision repair?
What molecule carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
What molecule carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
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What is the process of creating a copy of DNA?
What is the process of creating a copy of DNA?
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What type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?
What type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?
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Which enzyme is responsible for replicating DNA?
Which enzyme is responsible for replicating DNA?
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What is the term for the process of creating a copy of DNA?
What is the term for the process of creating a copy of DNA?
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What carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
What carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
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Which molecules recognize specific codons and transport amino acids?
Which molecules recognize specific codons and transport amino acids?
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What is a group of three nucleotides on mRNA called?
What is a group of three nucleotides on mRNA called?
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Where does transcription begin?
Where does transcription begin?
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How many of the 64 codons are sense codons?
How many of the 64 codons are sense codons?
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What is a result of ionizing radiation?
What is a result of ionizing radiation?
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What is the function of RNA polymerase?
What is the function of RNA polymerase?
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What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
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What is the most common type of mutation involving single base pairs?
What is the most common type of mutation involving single base pairs?
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What type of mutations occur when one or a few nucleotide pairs are deleted or inserted in the DNA?
What type of mutations occur when one or a few nucleotide pairs are deleted or inserted in the DNA?
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What is the process of bacteria passing their genes to other microbes of the same generation?
What is the process of bacteria passing their genes to other microbes of the same generation?
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What type of plasmids carry genes for sex pili and for the transfer of the plasmid to another cell?
What type of plasmids carry genes for sex pili and for the transfer of the plasmid to another cell?
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What type of mutation occurs when a single base pair is replaced by another?
What type of mutation occurs when a single base pair is replaced by another?
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What is the result of a frameshift mutation?
What is the result of a frameshift mutation?
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What is the purpose of conjugative plasmids?
What is the purpose of conjugative plasmids?
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What type of mutation occurs when a codon is changed to a stop codon?
What type of mutation occurs when a codon is changed to a stop codon?
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What is the primary mechanism of gene transfer between bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of gene transfer between bacteria?
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Study Notes
Gene
- A segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (protein or RNA).
DNA Replication
- The process of making an exact copy of DNA.
DNA Ligase
- An enzyme responsible for joining Okazaki fragments and mending gaps in the DNA backbone during excision repair.
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Molecule that carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes.
Transcription
- The process of creating a copy of DNA, using the DNA as a template to create mRNA.
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
DNA Polymerase
- An enzyme responsible for replicating DNA.
DNA Replication
- The term for the process of creating a copy of DNA.
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
- Molecules that recognize specific codons and transport amino acids.
Codon
- A group of three nucleotides on mRNA.
Promoter
- Where transcription begins.
61
- Number of sense codons out of 64 total codons.
DNA Damage
- A result of ionizing radiation.
RNA Polymerase
- Enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.
tRNA
- Facilitates the translation of mRNA codons into amino acids during protein synthesis.
Point Mutation
- The most common type of mutation involving single base pairs.
Frameshift Mutation
- Type of mutations that occur when one or a few nucleotide pairs are deleted or inserted in the DNA, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.
Horizontal Gene Transfer
- The process of bacteria passing their genes to other microbes of the same generation.
Conjugative Plasmids
- Type of plasmids that carry genes for sex pili and for the transfer of the plasmid to another cell.
Base-pair Substitution
- A type of mutation that occurs when a single base pair is replaced by another.
Alteration in Protein Function
- The result of a frameshift mutation.
Transfer of Genetic Information
- The purpose of conjugative plasmids.
Nonsense Mutation
- Type of mutation that occurs when a codon is changed to a stop codon.
Horizontal Gene Transfer
- The primary mechanism of gene transfer between bacteria.
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Description
Test your knowledge of microbial genetics with this quiz covering DNA segments, genetic codes, and more. Practice converting DNA molecules and identifying functional products. Review Chapter 8 of your microbiology textbook to refresh your understanding of microbial genetics.
