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Microbial Escape Tactics

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Questions and Answers

Which mechanism do intracellular bacteria like Mycobacterium tuberculosis use to escape into the cytosol?

Inhibit class I MHC–associated antigen presentation

Remove newly synthesized class I molecules from the ER

Block transport of antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum

Inhibit fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes (correct)

What is the result of viral mechanisms that inhibit class I MHC expression?

Increased loading of class I MHC molecules by viral peptides

Increased surface expression of class I MHC molecules

Reduced surface expression of class I MHC molecules (correct)

Reduced loading of class I MHC molecules by viral peptides

Which cells are activated by class I-deficient cells?

T lymphocytes

B cells

NK cells (correct)

Phagocytes

Which process occurs in chronic viral infections where CD8+ T cells become inactivated and the virus persists?

Exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

What happens to CD8+ T cells in acute viral infections?

They proliferate and differentiate into effector CTLs and memory cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between acute and chronic viral infections in terms of CD8+ T cell response?

CD8+ T cells clear the virus in chronic infections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism by which viruses establish chronic infections?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon in which T cells mount an initial response against a virus but the response is prematurely terminated?

T cell exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a virus that is able to survive in infected persons by killing CD4+ T cells?

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Signup and view all the answers

What is one approach for tilting the balance between the host and microbes in favor of protective immunity?

Enhancing adaptive immune responses through vaccination Signup and view all the answers