Microbial Digestive System Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of food for microbes in plaque?

  • Tooth enamel
  • Dentin and pulp
  • Periodontal ligaments
  • Dietary sugar (correct)

What is the result of anaerobic fermentation of sugars by microbes in plaque?

  • Stimulation of periodontal ligaments
  • Acid production that dissolves tooth enamel (correct)
  • Production of oxygen
  • Formation of tartar

What is the primary cause of tooth loss in dental caries?

  • Periodontal disease
  • Gingivitis
  • Dentin destruction
  • Destroyed dentin, pulp, and nerves (correct)

What is the initial form of periodontal disease?

<p>Gingivitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the development of gingivitis?

<p>Tartar trapped at the base of the teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the inflammatory response in gingivitis?

<p>Formation of pockets that separate the gingiva from the tooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal function of the digestive system?

<p>To absorb ingested nutrients and eventually excrete waste products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the GI tract?

<p>Salivary glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the liver in the digestive system?

<p>To produce bile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucus membrane in the digestive system?

<p>To prevent entry of microbes into the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease characterized by the appearance of holes or pits in the teeth?

<p>Dental caries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is commonly found in the human oral cavity, upper GI tract, and colon?

<p>Streptococcus mutans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sticky, insoluble polysaccharide produced by Streptococcus mutans?

<p>Dextran (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease characterized by inflammation of the gums?

<p>Gingivitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the structures that surround the teeth and are affected by periodontal disease?

<p>Periodontal tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the proteases produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis?

<p>To break down gingival tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should teeth be brushed with fluoride-containing toothpaste to prevent mutans from growing?

<p>At least 2x a day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of peptic ulcers?

<p>Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and black/tar-like stools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the bacteria that causes peptic ulcers?

<p>Helical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of urease in Helicobacter pylori?

<p>To produce ammonia that neutralizes stomach acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of flagella in Helicobacter pylori?

<p>To enable burrowing through stomach mucus lining (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adhesins in Helicobacter pylori?

<p>To facilitate attachment to gastric cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is responsible for typhoid fever?

<p>Salmonella typhi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of bacterial gastroenteritis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symptoms of cholera?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae?

<p>Cholera toxin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for cholera?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Salmonella transmitted?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of cholera?

<p>Dehydration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Shigella infection?

<p>Fecal-oral transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidemiology of cholera?

<p>Cholera is endemic in more than 47 countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the WHO's plan to combat cholera?

<p>Reduce cholera cases by 90% by 2030 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Clostridium difficile?

<p>Gram (+) endospore forming anaerobic bacillus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a virulence factor of Campylobacter?

<p>Allows colonization and invasion of the jejunum, ileum, and colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of human infection with Campylobacter?

<p>Chickens and other domestic poultry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Pseudomembranous colitis?

<p>More than 10 bloody stools per day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Campylobacter Diarrhea typically diagnosed?

<p>Based on signs and symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can Campylobacter Diarrhea be prevented?

<p>Through proper hygiene after handling raw poultry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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