Microbial Algae and Cyanobacteria Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the usual color of unpigmented, moving microorganisms encountered in pond water?

  • Reddish
  • Colorless (correct)
  • Blue-green
  • Greenish or golden-brown

    • Which organisms are usually greenish or golden-brown in pond water?

  • Protozoans
  • Cyanobacteria
  • Bacteria
  • Algae (correct)

    • What color do cyanobacteria usually appear as in pond water?

  • Colorless
  • Blue-green (correct)
  • Greenish or golden-brown
  • Reddish

    • If encountering invertebrates in pond water, which exercise should be referred to for their identification?

    <p>Exercise 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime concern in the study of pond water according to the text?

    <p>Protozoans, algae, and cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the exercise in the laboratory according to the text?

    <p>To become familiar with the differences between protozoans, algae, and cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will determine the extent to which students will be held accountable for the names of various organisms encountered in pond water?

    <p>The depth of scope pursued</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subkingdom includes animal-like protists in Protozoa and plant-like protists in Algae?

    <p>Subkingdom Protozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Protozoa cells lack?

    <p>Cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Phylum Ciliophora?

    <p>Structurally complex protozoans with cilia for movement and food-getting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Phylum Apicomplexa?

    <p>Internal parasites lacking locomotor organelles and having spore-forming stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure for making wet mount slides?

    <p>Place a drop of suspended organisms on a microscope slide, cover it with a cover glass, and record the bottle number if using different cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Subkingdom Algae from plants?

    <p>Lack of tissue differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Protists?

    <p>Single-celled eukaryons lacking tissue specialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pigments are present in Cyanobacteria?

    <p>Chlorophyll a, carotene, and c-phycocyanin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following algae species are filamentous?

    <p>Rhizoclonium, Cladophora, and Bulbochaete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division includes over 1,000 photosynthetic microorganisms?

    <p>Cyanobacteria in Domain Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the cellular structure of cyanobacteria from eukaryotic algae?

    <p>Pigments not contained in chloroplasts but in granules attached to membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms lack distinct nuclei and have rigid cell walls?

    <p>Prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms include Anabaena, Nodularia, and Arthrospira?

    <p>Cyanobacteria species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms produce red tides causing water discoloration and odors along coastal shores?

    <p>Some marine Gymnodinium species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms have chlorophylls a and c, and various xanthophylls?

    <p>Microbial Algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms are present in almost all moist environments?

    <p>Cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of protists displays characteristics intermediate between algae and protozoa?

    <p>Euglenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the food-storage compound in photosynthetic euglenoids?

    <p>Paramylum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of algae contains over 6,000 species and stores food in the form of oils and leucosin?

    <p>Chrysophycophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the hard cell walls of diatoms primarily composed of?

    <p>Silicon oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is present in Phaeophycophyta, or brown algae, for photosynthesis?

    <p>Fucoxanthin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of desmids, a unique group of green algae?

    <p>Consist of two similar halves or semicells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the majority of algae observed in ponds?

    <p>Synthesize starch for food storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of algae synthesizes starch for food storage and includes diverse forms like Chlamydomonas and Volvox?

    <p>Chrysophycophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of algae contains over 6,000 species with food storage in the form of oils and leucosin, and the presence of chlorophylls a and c and fucoxanthin?

    <p>Chrysophycophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subgroup of Chrysophycophyta has hard cell walls of pectin, cellulose, or silicon oxide that accumulate on the ocean bottom to form diatomite?

    <p>Diatoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of algae exists primarily in saltwater, has the same pigments as chrysophycophytes, and stores food as laminarin and mannitol?

    <p>Phaeophycophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of protists include marine species with cellulose walls, bioluminescent properties, and two flagella?

    <p>Dinoflagellates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of algae does the majority of algae observed in ponds belong to?

    <p>Chlorophycophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes desmids from other green algae?

    <p>They consist of two similar halves or semicells, usually separated by an isthmus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to collect bioaerosol samples in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Air'?

    <p>Gravitational settling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a settling plate in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Air'?

    <p>To check the air for viable microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spreader plate in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Air'?

    <p>To quantify microbial load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sugars in dried grass provide in the Hay Infusion in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Water'?

    <p>Food for bacteria and other microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as food for the protozoa in the Hay Infusion in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Water'?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a crowded plate in the Standard Plate Count method?

    <p>TNTC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a spreader develop in, in the Standard Plate Count method?

    <p>The film of water between the agar and the bottom of the plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Hay Infusion in the exercise 'Microbial Ecology of Water'?

    <p>To isolate and identify protozoa, cyanobacteria, and microalgae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of large particles settling in air due to gravitational force?

    <p>They tend to settle faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of small particles settling in air due to air currents?

    <p>They tend to settle slower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the buried-slide technique in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>To observe soil fungi, actinomycetes, and bacteria via microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of HOAc in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>Fixes the microorganisms on the glass slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of urea and glucose in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>Urea provides a nitrogen source and glucose provides a carbon source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can spatial interactions among soil microorganisms be visualized in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>Soil particles are dark, irregular shapes; fungi have thick filamentous hyphae; actinomycetes have thin filamentous hyphae; bacteria are found as small cocci or rod shapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of Phylum Sarcomastigophora?

    <p>Move via pseudopodia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Phylum Apicomplexa?

    <p>Lack locomotor organelles and all are internal parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes algae from cyanobacteria?

    <p>Algae have visible nuclei and chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the movement mechanism of Subphylum Mastigophora?

    <p>Move via flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of STAIN in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>Stains chitin in fungal cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing characteristic of Phylum Ciliophora?

    <p>Movement is via cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes actinomycetes from bacteria in the Contact Slide Assay?

    <p>Actinomycetes have thin filamentous hyphae, while bacteria are found as small cocci or rod shapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Microorganisms in the Lab Manual

    • The euglenoids, a group of flagellated protists, display characteristics intermediate between algae and protozoa, such as the absence of a cell wall and the presence of a gullet.
    • Photosynthetic euglenoids contain chlorophylls a and b, a red stigma, and paramylum as a food-storage compound.
    • The Chlorophycophyta group, including green algae, synthesizes starch for food storage and comprises diverse forms, such as Chlamydomonas, Pandorina, and Volvox.
    • Desmids, a unique group of green algae, consist of two similar halves or semicells, separated by an isthmus.
    • The Chrysophycophyta division, or golden brown algae, contains over 6,000 species with food storage in the form of oils and leucosin, and the presence of chlorophylls a and c and fucoxanthin.
    • Diatoms, a subgroup of Chrysophycophyta, have hard cell walls of pectin, cellulose, or silicon oxide that accumulate on the ocean bottom to form diatomite.
    • Phaeophycophyta, or brown algae, exist primarily in saltwater, have the same pigments as chrysophycophytes, and store food as laminarin and mannitol.
    • Dinoflagellates, a principal group of Pyrrophycophyta, include marine species with cellulose walls, bioluminescent properties, and two flagella.
    • The majority of algae observed in ponds belong to the Chlorophycophyta group.
    • The diversity of the Chlorophycophyta group is too great to explore its subdivisions in this preliminary study.
    • The desmids consist of two similar halves or semicells, usually separated by an isthmus.
    • The Chrysophycophyta division consists of over 6,000 species and differs from other algae in food storage and pigment composition.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of microbial algae and cyanobacteria with this quiz covering their characteristics, classifications, and unique features. From red tides to golden brown algae, diatoms, and dinoflagellates, explore the diverse world of microorganisms in various aquatic environments.

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