Microbe-Host Relationship and Pathogens

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for microorganisms that cause disease and are transmitted to the host from an environmental source?

Environmental pathogen (correct)
Zoonotic pathogen
Primary pathogen
Opportunistic pathogen

Which type of pathogen requires significant impairment of the host’s immunity to cause disease?

Opportunistic pathogen (correct)
Zoonotic pathogen
Environmental pathogen
Primary pathogen

What is the term for microorganisms that are colonizers or pathogens of animals and can be transmitted to humans?

Environmental pathogen
Secondary pathogen
Opportunistic pathogen
Zoonotic pathogen (correct)

Which of the following is an example of an environmental pathogen?

Clostridium tetani (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the interaction between a microbe and its host referred to as?

Microbe-host relationship (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can pathogens enter the host?

Through the skin, mucosa or body’s orifices (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of obligate pathogens?

They require a host to multiply and survive (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of exposure to an infectious agent if a person does not develop disease?

Exposure without infection (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Koch’s postulates?

To identify the causative agent of a disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of Koch’s postulates?

They do not account for asymptomatic carriers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganism is capable of causing disease but can also multiply in the environment?

Facultative pathogen (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microbe-host relationship is characterized by a mutual benefit for both the microbe and the host?

Commensalism (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is a normal inhabitant of the animal body and can cause disease in normal hosts with some regularity?

Commensal pathogen (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogen must produce disease to transmit and survive evolutionarily?

Obligate pathogen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that can live and thrive in the environment without the need for a host?

Free-living microorganism (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the study of the cause of disease?

Etiology (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with discovering the bacteria responsible for anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera?

Robert Koch (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mode of transmission of disease?

Direct or indirect transmission (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with first observing microorganisms in the 1670s?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a microorganism that is invisible to the naked eye?

Microbe (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an infection?

The invasion of pathogens in an individual or population (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the five stages of an infectious disease?

Incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, and convalescence (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Koch’s postulates?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is infectious disease?

Disease caused by pathogens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the interaction between a microbe and its host?

Pathogen-host interaction (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Environmental Pathogen

Microorganisms causing disease, acquired from the environment.

Opportunistic Pathogen

Pathogens that require a weakened immune system to cause disease.