Microarray Analysis Experiment

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What is the main goal of microarray analysis?

To increase the pore sizes in agarose gel

To determine which genes are turned on and which are off in a cell sample (correct)

To separate DNA molecules based on their size

To visualize DNA molecules using ultraviolet light

What happens to small, negatively charged DNA molecules during electrophoresis?

They remain stationary

They change direction

They migrate faster than large molecules (correct)

They migrate slower than large molecules

Why does DNA migrate towards the anode during electrophoresis?

Because DNA is positively charged

Because DNA is negatively charged (correct)

Because the anode has a higher voltage

Because the cathode has a lower voltage

What is the effect of increasing the percentage of agarose in the gel?

It decreases the pore size in the gel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ultraviolet light source in electrophoresis?

To visualize DNA molecules using Ethidium Bromide Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of a single spot on a microarray?

Multiple copies of a single gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the labeling mix in Experiment 4?

To create a complementary DNA strand opposite every RNA molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by each spot on the microarray?

A different gene Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cDNA molecules that do not hybridize to their complementary DNA strands on the microarray?

They remain unattached to the microarray Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the microarray scanner in Experiment 6?

To scan the microarray to see where the cDNA bound Signup and view all the answers

What do the dark spots on the microarray represent?

Genes that are not transcribed in healthy cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of merging the red and green images on the microarray?

A composite picture showing the genes that are expressed both in healthy and cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the vortex in Experiment 2?

To mix the tissue samples and release the RNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of mRNA molecules?

They always end in a sequence of adenines Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the centrifuge in Experiment 2?

To separate the RNA from the rest of the cell contents Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the columns in Experiment 3?

To isolate mRNA molecules by binding to poly-A-tail Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the green labeling mix in Experiment 4?

To label the RNA from healthy cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the micropipette in Experiment 2?

To transfer the RNA-containing top phase to a clean tube Signup and view all the answers