مهارات التواصل - عملية التواصل

Communication Skills - The Communication Process

• Communication is a process involving a sender, a message, encoding, a channel, decoding, a receiver, and feedback.
• The sender creates the message, encodes it (puts it into a form that can be delivered), and selects a channel to send it.
• The receiver then decodes the message, understands it, and provides feedback.
• Feedback is crucial to effective communication, enabling the sender to determine if the message was understood as intended.

Communication Process Parts and Stages

• Source (Sender): The originator of the message; their clarity and intention are key for effective communication. Their goal and expected outcomes need to be clear.
• Message: The information being conveyed. A concise message is more effective.
• Encoding: Transforming the message into a transmittable format (words, symbols, images, etc.)
• Channel: The medium used to transmit the message (e.g., email, phone call, in-person). The choice of channel should match the message and audience.
• Decoding: Interpreting the message by the receiver.
• Receiver: (Recipient): The person who receives the message.
• Feedback: The response the receiver gives to the sender, confirming understanding and allowing for adjustments.
• Context: The circumstances surrounding the communication, including the environment & culture. Factors like the relationship between the individuals and their background play a role in how the message is perceived and understood.

Message & Encoding

• The message is the information being communicated. Conciseness and clarity are essential.
• Encoding is making the message transmittable, using various forms like words, symbols, images, sounds, or non-verbal cues.
• Clear encoding ensures the receiver understands the message intent.
• Essential aspects for better encoding include knowing the audience's background, cultural differences, the receiver's needs, and ensuring a complete message.

Channel

• The choice of communication channel must align with the message's complexity and the audience.
• Choose the right channel for the appropriate communication – a phone call to convey urgency, an email for detailed information, an in-person meeting for nuanced topics.

Decoding & Receiver

• Decoding is the process where the receiver interprets the message and is influenced by their context and perception.
• A receiver's understanding can differ from the sender's intent leading to potential misinterpretations.
• Misinterpretations can stem from differences in background, culture, or previous experience.
• Providing clarifying information aids in ensuring accurate decoding.

Feedback

• Feedback ensures messages are understood.
• Verbal and non-verbal feedback both validate understanding.
• Both positive and negative feedback are valuable, helping identify areas of improvement in the communication process.

Context/Receiver

• The receiver's interpretation of the message is influenced by their background. Considering expectations and personal experiences is important.

Improving Communication

• Understanding the audience (their knowledge and needs).
• Considering cultural, environmental, and linguistic differences for better reception.
• Providing necessary info in the message.
• Recognizing non-verbal cues along with verbal communication.