Questions and Answers
What is the therapeutic class of Metronidazole?
What is the pharmacologic class of Metronidazole?
Drug that disrupts nucleic acid synthesis
Metronidazole is effective against resistant forms of E. histolytica.
False
Which of the following conditions is Metronidazole used to treat? (Select all that apply)
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What are some common adverse effects of Metronidazole?
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Metronidazole can cause bone marrow suppression.
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Metronidazole is contraindicated during the first trimester of _____
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The extended-release form of Metronidazole can be taken with food.
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What is a significant drug interaction for Metronidazole?
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What warning is associated with Metronidazole?
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Study Notes
Metronidazole Overview
- Therapeutic Class: Anti-infective, antiprotozoan.
- Pharmacologic Class: Disrupts nucleic acid synthesis.
Actions and Uses
- Effective against intestinal and hepatic stages of amebiasis, with no significant resistance in E. histolytica.
- Preferred medication for giardiasis and trichomoniasis.
- Unique antibiotic activity against anaerobic bacteria, treating various infections (respiratory, bone, skin, CNS).
- Topical formulations (MetroGel, Metro-Cream, MetroLotion) treat rosacea.
- Helidac combines metronidazole with bismuth and tetracycline to target H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease.
- Off-label use for pseudomembranous colitis and Crohn's disease.
Administration Alerts
- Extended-release must be taken whole on an empty stomach.
- Contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy; categorized as Pregnancy category B.
Adverse Effects
- Common adverse effects include anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, dry mouth, and an unpleasant metallic taste.
- Rarely, it may lead to bone marrow suppression.
Black Box Warning
- Carcinogenic in laboratory animals; use restricted to approved indications.
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in patients with trichomoniasis in the first trimester of pregnancy and those with hypersensitivity to metronidazole.
- Should not be administered to patients with blood dyscrasias due to potential bone marrow suppression.
Interactions
- Drug-Drug: Enhances anticoagulant effects, increasing risk of hypoprothrombinemia; may cause disulfiram reaction when combined with alcohol; can elevate lithium levels in patients on lithium therapy.
- Lab Tests: Can decrease AST and ALT values; unknown effects with herbal/food interactions.
- Overdose Treatment: No specific treatment protocol for overdose situations.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Metronidazole, its therapeutic and pharmacologic classes, and its actions and uses. This quiz covers essential information about the medication's effectiveness against amebiasis and its mechanism of action.
