Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which physical method of sterilization uses autoclaving?
Which physical method of sterilization uses autoclaving?
- Radiation Sterilization
- Moist Heat (correct)
- Filtration
- Dry Heat
What gas is often used for sterilizing heat-sensitive items?
What gas is often used for sterilizing heat-sensitive items?
- Chlorine Dioxide
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Peracetic Acid
- Ethylene Oxide (EtO) (correct)
Dry Heat sterilization is effective for moist materials.
Dry Heat sterilization is effective for moist materials.
False (B)
What method uses gamma rays or electron beams for sterilization?
What method uses gamma rays or electron beams for sterilization?
Plasma sterilization utilizes _____ vapor that is converted to plasma.
Plasma sterilization utilizes _____ vapor that is converted to plasma.
What is a limitation of low temperature sterilization methods?
What is a limitation of low temperature sterilization methods?
What does vaporized hydrogen peroxide break down into after sterilization?
What does vaporized hydrogen peroxide break down into after sterilization?
Which method of sterilization is compatible with many materials and acts quickly?
Which method of sterilization is compatible with many materials and acts quickly?
Flashcards
Autoclaving
Autoclaving
A moist heat sterilization method using high-pressure steam at 121°C for 15-20 minutes to kill microorganisms.
Dry heat sterilization
Dry heat sterilization
A physical sterilization method using hot air ovens at 160-180°C for 1-2 hours to kill microorganisms in moisture-sensitive materials.
Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Sterilization
Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Sterilization
A chemical sterilization method using EtO gas to sterilize heat-sensitive items; it requires thorough aeration afterwards.
Low Temperature Sterilization
Low Temperature Sterilization
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Ionizing Radiation Sterilization
Ionizing Radiation Sterilization
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Plasma Sterilization
Plasma Sterilization
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Sterilization
Sterilization
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Heat-sensitive material
Heat-sensitive material
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Study Notes
Methods of Sterilization
-
Physical Methods
- Heat Sterilization
- Moist Heat: Involves autoclaving (121°C for 15-20 mins) which kills microorganisms through protein denaturation.
- Dry Heat: Uses hot air ovens (160-180°C for 1-2 hours) for sterilizing materials that may be damaged by moisture.
- Radiation Sterilization
- Ionizing Radiation: Uses gamma rays or electron beams to damage microbial DNA.
- Non-Ionizing Radiation: UV light is effective for surface sterilization but has limited penetration.
- Filtration
- Uses membranes to remove microorganisms from liquids and air. Effective for heat-sensitive solutions like antibiotics.
- Heat Sterilization
-
Chemical Methods
- Ethylene Oxide (EtO): Gas used for sterilizing heat-sensitive items; effective at low temperatures. Requires aeration post-treatment to remove residual gas.
- Hydrogen Peroxide: Vaporized hydrogen peroxide is effective for thermolabile instruments and surfaces.
- Peracetic Acid: Effective for sterilizing surgical instruments and medical devices; often used in liquid form.
-
Plasma Sterilization
- Utilizes hydrogen peroxide vapor that is converted to plasma. Effective at low temperatures and suitable for heat-sensitive items.
Low Temperature Sterilization
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Definition: Sterilization processes that occur at temperatures lower than 60°C, suitable for heat-sensitive materials.
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Methods
-
Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Sterilization
- Suitable for heat-sensitive instruments.
- Provides thorough penetration and is effective against spores.
- Requires careful handling and adequate aeration to eliminate toxicity.
-
Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilization
- Gaseous or vaporized form is utilized.
- Acts quickly and is compatible with many materials.
- Breaks down into water and oxygen, leaving no toxic residues.
-
Plasma Sterilization
- Involves using hydrogen peroxide vapor and transforming it into plasma with low temperature.
- Rapid cycle times and no toxic residuals.
-
-
Applications
- Common in healthcare settings for sterilizing surgical instruments, endoscopes, and other heat-sensitive items.
-
Limitations
- Requires specific conditions (humidity, temperature) for effectiveness.
- Not suitable for all materials (e.g., certain plastics may be degraded).
Methods of Sterilization
Physical Methods
-
Heat Sterilization
- Moist Heat: Autoclaving at 121°C for 15-20 minutes effectively denatures proteins, killing microorganisms.
- Dry Heat: Utilizes hot air ovens at 160-180°C for 1-2 hours, suitable for moisture-sensitive materials.
-
Radiation Sterilization
- Ionizing Radiation: Employs gamma rays or electron beams to damage microbial DNA, effectively sterilizing materials.
- Non-Ionizing Radiation: UV light sterilizes surfaces, though penetration is limited.
-
Filtration:
- Employs membrane filters to remove microorganisms from liquids and air, especially useful for heat-sensitive solutions like antibiotics.
Chemical Methods
-
Ethylene Oxide (EtO):
- A gas used for sterilizing heat-sensitive items; requires low-temperature application and aeration to remove residuals post-treatment.
-
Hydrogen Peroxide:
- Vaporized form sterilizes thermolabile instruments and surfaces without leaving toxic residues.
-
Peracetic Acid:
- Liquid form effectively sterilizes surgical instruments and medical devices.
Plasma Sterilization
- Utilizes vaporized hydrogen peroxide converted into plasma, enabling sterilization at low temperatures, ideal for heat-sensitive materials.
Low Temperature Sterilization
-
Definition: Processes that sterilize at temperatures below 60°C, suitable for heat-sensitive materials.
-
Methods
-
Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Sterilization:
- Ensures thorough penetration effective against spores; requires careful handling and adequate aeration for safety.
-
Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilization:
- Fast-acting and compatible with various materials, decomposes into water and oxygen, leaving no toxic residues.
-
Plasma Sterilization:
- Converts hydrogen peroxide vapor to plasma with rapid cycle times and no toxic residuals.
-
-
Applications:
- Widely used in healthcare to sterilize surgical instruments, endoscopes, and other delicate heat-sensitive items.
-
Limitations:
- Requires specific conditions (humidity and temperature) for optimal effectiveness; not all materials are suitable, as some plastics may be degraded.
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