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Questions and Answers
What is a frontal inversion primarily associated with?
What is a frontal inversion primarily associated with?
Frontal inversions occur only when warm air is present above cold air.
Frontal inversions occur only when warm air is present above cold air.
False
What direction does the Coriolis Force pull objects in the northern hemisphere?
What direction does the Coriolis Force pull objects in the northern hemisphere?
What does the dew point indicate?
What does the dew point indicate?
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Microbursts typically last longer than 15 minutes.
Microbursts typically last longer than 15 minutes.
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What type of clouds are associated with stable air?
What type of clouds are associated with stable air?
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Frost forms when water vapor changes directly to ice on a surface that is at or below ______.
Frost forms when water vapor changes directly to ice on a surface that is at or below ______.
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An __________ occurs when cool air is trapped underneath a layer of warm air.
An __________ occurs when cool air is trapped underneath a layer of warm air.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What happens to air as it cools?
What happens to air as it cools?
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Which of the following describes unstable air?
Which of the following describes unstable air?
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Humidity is solely dependent on the amount of moisture present in the air.
Humidity is solely dependent on the amount of moisture present in the air.
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An inversion causes cool air to rise above warm air.
An inversion causes cool air to rise above warm air.
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What is the maximum vertical speed of a microburst?
What is the maximum vertical speed of a microburst?
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Define relative humidity.
Define relative humidity.
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Match the following air characteristics with their corresponding type:
Match the following air characteristics with their corresponding type:
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What type of clouds are visually appealing but can indicate turbulence and pose an aviation hazard?
What type of clouds are visually appealing but can indicate turbulence and pose an aviation hazard?
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Fractus clouds are typically found at high altitudes.
Fractus clouds are typically found at high altitudes.
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Describe the appearance of fractus clouds.
Describe the appearance of fractus clouds.
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Overcast skies are defined as a sky fully covered by ______.
Overcast skies are defined as a sky fully covered by ______.
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What is the condition for the formation of lenticular clouds?
What is the condition for the formation of lenticular clouds?
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Match the following cloud types with their characteristics:
Match the following cloud types with their characteristics:
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Wind speeds associated with these cloud formations can reach up to 50 knots.
Wind speeds associated with these cloud formations can reach up to 50 knots.
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How long can the stationary waves associated with lenticular clouds remain stationary?
How long can the stationary waves associated with lenticular clouds remain stationary?
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What happens to warm air compared to cold air?
What happens to warm air compared to cold air?
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Air always moves from low pressure to high pressure.
Air always moves from low pressure to high pressure.
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What creates a low pressure zone above the land surface?
What creates a low pressure zone above the land surface?
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Cold air is more __________ than warm air.
Cold air is more __________ than warm air.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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At what altitude is the ISA Pressure being calculated?
At what altitude is the ISA Pressure being calculated?
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Land warms up and cools off faster than water.
Land warms up and cools off faster than water.
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What is the ISA Pressure calculated at 4800 ft?
What is the ISA Pressure calculated at 4800 ft?
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What does AIRMET Sierra indicate?
What does AIRMET Sierra indicate?
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AIRMET Tango is issued for severe turbulence with surface winds of 30 knots or more.
AIRMET Tango is issued for severe turbulence with surface winds of 30 knots or more.
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What conditions warrant the issuance of AIRMET Zulu?
What conditions warrant the issuance of AIRMET Zulu?
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AIRMET Tango is associated with sustained surface winds of _____ knots or more.
AIRMET Tango is associated with sustained surface winds of _____ knots or more.
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Match the AIRMET types with their respective conditions:
Match the AIRMET types with their respective conditions:
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Study Notes
Coriolis Force
- Caused by Earth's rotation, affecting moving air and water.
- Deflects currents to clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere, counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere.
Microburst
- Small-scale, intense downdrafts from thunderstorms.
- Distances: 1 mile horizontally, 1,000 ft vertically.
- Speed: can reach 6,000 ft per minute and typically lasts about 15 minutes.
Stable vs. Unstable Air
- Stable Air: Features stratus clouds, steady precipitation, smooth conditions, steady winds, and poor visibility.
- Unstable Air: Characterized by cumulus clouds, showery precipitation, turbulent conditions, gusty winds, and good visibility.
Inversion
- Occurs when cool air is trapped beneath a layer of warm air.
- Develops due to ground-level air cooling faster than upper air, creating a stable layer of dense cold air below lighter warm air.
TAF Decoding
- Land heats up and cools faster than water, causing pressure differences.
- Warm air is less dense, creates low pressure, and rises.
- Cold air, being denser, sinks and creates high pressure.
- Winds flow from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.
Humidity
- Refers to moisture content in the air, dependent on ambient temperature.
- Relative humidity is the actual moisture content compared to the maximum possible at a given temperature.
Dew, Frost, and Fog
- Dew: Formed when water vapor condenses on surfaces from cooling air.
- Frost: Similar to dew but occurs at or below freezing, transforming water vapor directly into ice.
- Fog: Forms when moisture-laden air cools, becoming saturated.
Special Cloud Types
- Fractus/Ragged Clouds: Small, sheared fragments from larger clouds, usually found at low altitudes in cumulus and stratus types.
- Broken Clouds: Sky covers five-tenths to nine-tenths with clouds.
- Lenticular Clouds: Stable air forms these clouds as winds flow over hills/mountains, often associated with turbulence.
AIRMET Types
- AIRMET Sierra: Warning for low visibility, ceilings less than 1,000 feet, affecting over 50% of an area.
- AIRMET Tango: Issues notice for moderate turbulence and sustained surface winds of 30 knots or more.
- AIRMET Zulu: Indicates moderate icing conditions, alerting pilots to possible freezing levels and the need for de-icing before flight.
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Description
Test your understanding of key meteorological concepts including the Coriolis force, microbursts, stable vs. unstable air, and inversions. This quiz covers the definitions, characteristics, and implications of these phenomena in weather patterns. Perfect for students and enthusiasts in meteorology.
