Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is meteorology?
What is meteorology?
The interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere.
Which of the following are considered meteorological phenomena?
Which of the following are considered meteorological phenomena?
Meteorology has applications in military, energy production, transport, agriculture, and construction.
Meteorology has applications in military, energy production, transport, agriculture, and construction.
True
The word 'meteorology' is derived from the Greek words, "metedros" and "logia". What do these words translate to?
The word 'meteorology' is derived from the Greek words, "metedros" and "logia". What do these words translate to?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is considered the founder of meteorology?
Who is considered the founder of meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the book authored by Theophrastus that focused on weather forecasting?
What is the name of the book authored by Theophrastus that focused on weather forecasting?
Signup and view all the answers
Which book by Al-Dinawari (9th century) discussed meteorological aspects relevant to agriculture?
Which book by Al-Dinawari (9th century) discussed meteorological aspects relevant to agriculture?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following individuals with their respective contributions to meteorology:
Match the following individuals with their respective contributions to meteorology:
Signup and view all the answers
Who proposed the "centigrade" temperature scale?
Who proposed the "centigrade" temperature scale?
Signup and view all the answers
In which publication did Luke Howard assign Latin names to different cloud types?
In which publication did Luke Howard assign Latin names to different cloud types?
Signup and view all the answers
Who introduced the system for classifying wind speeds based on their strength?
Who introduced the system for classifying wind speeds based on their strength?
Signup and view all the answers
The first weather observing network was established in the late 17th century.
The first weather observing network was established in the late 17th century.
Signup and view all the answers
The invention of the electromagnetic telegraph paved the way for obtaining weather observations from a wide area.
The invention of the electromagnetic telegraph paved the way for obtaining weather observations from a wide area.
Signup and view all the answers
Who was appointed as the first Meteorological Statist to the Board of Trade in the United Kingdom?
Who was appointed as the first Meteorological Statist to the Board of Trade in the United Kingdom?
Signup and view all the answers
The India Meteorological Department was established following the devastating impact of tropical cyclones and famines in the early 19th century.
The India Meteorological Department was established following the devastating impact of tropical cyclones and famines in the early 19th century.
Signup and view all the answers
Which organization in Finland was formed from part of the Magnetic Observatory of Helsinki University?
Which organization in Finland was formed from part of the Magnetic Observatory of Helsinki University?
Signup and view all the answers
Which meteorological organization in Japan is considered the forerunner of the Japan Meteorological Agency?
Which meteorological organization in Japan is considered the forerunner of the Japan Meteorological Agency?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following meteorological services with its respective country:
Match the following meteorological services with its respective country:
Signup and view all the answers
Whose paper "Weather Forecasting as a Problem in Mechanics and Physics" argued that weather forecasting could be based on scientific calculations?
Whose paper "Weather Forecasting as a Problem in Mechanics and Physics" argued that weather forecasting could be based on scientific calculations?
Signup and view all the answers
Who published the book "Weather Prediction By Numerical Process"?
Who published the book "Weather Prediction By Numerical Process"?
Signup and view all the answers
Numerical weather forecasts with the aid of computers became feasible in the 1950s.
Numerical weather forecasts with the aid of computers became feasible in the 1950s.
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with uncovering the chaotic nature of the atmosphere?
Who is credited with uncovering the chaotic nature of the atmosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
The resolution of climate models has surpassed the capabilities of traditional weather prediction models.
The resolution of climate models has surpassed the capabilities of traditional weather prediction models.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name given to scientists who specialize in the study of meteorology?
What is the name given to scientists who specialize in the study of meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two other accurately measured qualities in relation to meteorology, besides wind and humidity?
What are the two other accurately measured qualities in relation to meteorology, besides wind and humidity?
Signup and view all the answers
What is remote sensing?
What is remote sensing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of "spatial scales" in meteorology?
What is the significance of "spatial scales" in meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
Define microscale in meteorology.
Define microscale in meteorology.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with mesoscale meteorology?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with mesoscale meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of synoptic scale meteorology?
What is the primary focus of synoptic scale meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key aspect of global scale meteorology?
What is a key aspect of global scale meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
How can weather forecasting benefit from the application of science and technology?
How can weather forecasting benefit from the application of science and technology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of aviation meteorology in the field of aviation?
What is the role of aviation meteorology in the field of aviation?
Signup and view all the answers
Agricultural meteorology is only concerned with the effects of weather on crop yields.
Agricultural meteorology is only concerned with the effects of weather on crop yields.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of maritime meteorology?
What is the primary focus of maritime meteorology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the atmosphere (system) for the Earth's climate?
What is the primary function of the atmosphere (system) for the Earth's climate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
What is the name of the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the approximate altitude of the tropopause, the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere?
What is the approximate altitude of the tropopause, the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
The stratosphere is located above the troposphere.
The stratosphere is located above the troposphere.
Signup and view all the answers
The temperature within the stratosphere decreases with altitude due to the absorption of sunlight.
The temperature within the stratosphere decreases with altitude due to the absorption of sunlight.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the approximate temperature at the top of the mesosphere?
What is the approximate temperature at the top of the mesosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following properties of the atmosphere are considered in meteorological studies?
Which of the following properties of the atmosphere are considered in meteorological studies?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following atmospheric gases with their chemical composition:
Match the following atmospheric gases with their chemical composition:
Signup and view all the answers
Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere.
Signup and view all the answers
Respiration consumes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen into the atmosphere.
Respiration consumes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen into the atmosphere.
Signup and view all the answers
The radiative balance of the Earth refers to the relative stability of the Earth's surface temperature over long geological time.
The radiative balance of the Earth refers to the relative stability of the Earth's surface temperature over long geological time.
Signup and view all the answers
Solar radiation is comprised solely of ultraviolet radiation.
Solar radiation is comprised solely of ultraviolet radiation.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Meteorology
- Interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere
- Examines observable weather events and atmospheric processes
Meteorological Phenomena
- Variables: Temperature, air pressure, water vapor
- Interactions and time-dependent changes in variables
Sub-Disciplines of Atmospheric Science
- Meteorology
- Climatology
- Atmospheric Physics
- Atmospheric Chemistry
- Hydro-meteorology (combines meteorology and hydrology)
Applications of Meteorology
- Military
- Energy production
- Transportation
- Agriculture
- Construction
History of Meteorology
- Varāhamihira (500 AD): Detailed knowledge of atmospheric processes
- Aristotle (350 BC): Founder of meteorology
- Theophrastus: Contributor to weather forecasting
- Pomponius Mela (25 AD): Compiled weather books
- Toufic Fahd (9th Century): Book of plants; application to agriculture
-
Instruments and Scales:
- First rain gauge (1441)
- Swinging-plate anemometer (early 1400s, more specific dates and people)
- Development of thermoscopes (early 1600s)
- Rain gauges (1662, one specifically mentioned), barometers (1643), and temperature scales (1742).
Cloud Classification by Altitude Occurrence
- Early classifications (1802-1803, etc): Cloud modification; Latin names assigned
- Quantified wind speeds (1806): Beaufort system
Meteorological Services and Numerical Weather Prediction
- Historical offices: India (1875), Finland (1881), Japan (1883), United States (1875), and others
- Numerical weather prediction: Use of calculations based on natural laws; use of computers to predict future weather (1904, 1922).
Climate Models
- Chaotic nature of atmosphere: Observed and described (1960s)
- Models developed with finer resolution ("comparable" with older models)
Meteorological Study Variables
- Wind and Humidity
- Remote Sensing
Atmospheric Properties
-
Layers of the atmosphere: Troposphere (lowest, weather phenomena), Stratosphere (2nd), Mesosphere (3rd), other layers (less detail)
- Stratospheric ozone: absorbs UV radiation.
- Permanent Gases: Nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), argon (Ar), traces of others.
- Variable Gases: Water vapor (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
Photosynthesis and Respiration
- Photosynthesis: CO2 + H2O + light -> CH2O + O2
- Respiration: CH2O + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + energy
Radiative Balance and Solar Radiation
- Surface temperature remains relatively constant over geologic time
- Solar radiation, divided into UV, etc.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the interdisciplinary study of the atmosphere in this Meteorology Overview Quiz. Explore key concepts such as meteorological phenomena, historical contributions, and the various applications of meteorology. Enhance your understanding of how atmospheric science impacts different sectors.
