Metals and Nonmetals Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How many neutrons does sodium have?

  • 13
  • 11
  • 10
  • 12 (correct)

What is the atomic mass of silicon?

  • 32
  • 26
  • 30
  • 28 (correct)

How many protons does calcium have?

  • 24
  • 18
  • 20 (correct)
  • 22

What element is represented in the fourth (bottom) row of the table? 13(protons) 14(neutrons) 27(Atomic mass)

<p>Aluminum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2, what does the subscript '2' indicate?

<p>There are 2 hydrogen atoms. (D), There are 2 oxygen atoms . (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is most likely to bond with Mg to form a compound?

<p>Cl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information can be derived from the formula 2 H2 + O2 = 2 H2O

<p>It contains 2 molecules of water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation 2 H_2 + O_2 → 2 H_2O, what does the coefficient '2' in front of H2O indicate?

<p>There are 2 molecules of water produced in the reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulas contain four atoms of hydrogen?

<p>C2H4O2 (A), 2H2CO3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the number of atoms of an element indicated in a chemical formula?

<p>By the subscript number after the element symbol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a coefficient before a chemical formula do?

<p>Multiplies the number of each atom by that coefficient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if there is no subscript after an element symbol in a chemical formula?

<p>There is one atom of that element (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do parentheses in a chemical formula affect the elements inside them?

<p>They require external multiplication by a subscript outside the parentheses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the electron in an atom?

<p>It is located outside the nucleus and has a negative charge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total atoms are on the product side of the equation? N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3

<p>8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the balancing of the equation?

<p>It is balanced as the number of atoms are equal on both sides. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes chemical compounds from mixtures?

<p>The ingredients in a compound always combine chemically. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering H2O, what categories does it fall under?

<p>Compound and molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation 2N2 + O2 → 2N2O, how many nitrogen molecules are present?

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a neutral atom, what is true about the number of protons and electrons?

<p>Protons and electrons are equal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle does not carry an electrical charge?

<p>Neutron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different elements are present in the formula for sucrose (C12H22O11)?

<p>3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total atoms are present in the formula C12H22O11?

<p>45 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the formula CaCO3 represent in terms of element counts?

<p>1 calcium, 1 carbon, 3 oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two elements make up sodium chloride (NaCl)?

<p>Sodium and Chlorine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which group and period is sodium located on the periodic table?

<p>Group 1, Period 3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property distinguishes chlorine from sodium in terms of their classifications?

<p>Sodium is a metal, while chlorine is a nonmetal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process primarily drives the formation of bonds between atoms in a molecule?

<p>The sharing or exchanging of valence electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to know which elements are in a chemical formula?

<p>To predict the reactivity and properties of compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Element that bonds with Mg

Chlorine (Cl) is the element most likely to bond with Magnesium (Mg) to form a compound.

Information from a chemical formula

A chemical formula tells us the elements present, the number of each atom, and sometimes the number of molecules.

Coefficient '2' in $2 H_2O$

The coefficient '2' in front of $H_2O$ means there are 2 molecules of water produced.

Formulas with 4 hydrogen atoms

2$H_2CO_3$ and $C_2H_6$ contain four hydrogen atoms.

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Neutrons in oxygen atom (mass# 16)

An oxygen atom with a mass number of 16 has 8 neutrons.

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Sodium neutrons

Sodium has 12 neutrons.

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Silicon atomic mass

Silicon's atomic mass is 28.

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Calcium protons

Calcium has 20 protons.

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Element with 13 protons

The element with 13 protons is Aluminum.

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Mg(OH)2 subscript 2

Two hydroxide (OH-) ions are bonded to a Magnesium ion.

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Subscript in a formula

The number after an element symbol in a formula, indicating the number of atoms of that element in a molecule.

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Coefficient in a formula

A number before a formula that multiples all atoms in the formula.

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Hydrogen atoms in Hâ‚‚O

There are 2 hydrogen atoms in each water molecule (Hâ‚‚O).

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Electron location

Electrons are located outside the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron charge

Electrons have a negative charge.

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Balanced Chemical Equation

A chemical equation where the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

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Chemical Compound vs. Mixture

A chemical compound is formed when two or more elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio, while a mixture is a combination of substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical means.

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What is a Coefficient in a Chemical Equation?

A number placed in front of a chemical formula in a chemical equation that indicates the number of molecules or moles of that substance involved in the reaction.

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How many atoms in '2Hâ‚‚O'?

There are 6 atoms in the formula '2Hâ‚‚O': 4 hydrogen atoms (2 x 2) and 2 oxygen atoms.

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How many molecules in '2Nâ‚‚O'?

In the formula '2Nâ‚‚O', there are two molecules of dinitrogen monoxide (Nâ‚‚O).

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What does NaCl stand for?

NaCl is the chemical formula for Sodium Chloride, a common compound found in table salt.

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Elements in NaCl

Sodium Chloride (NaCl) is made up of two elements: Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl).

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Where is Na on the periodic table?

Sodium (Na) is located in Group 1 (alkali metals) and Period 3 of the periodic table. It's a metal.

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Where is Cl on the periodic table?

Chlorine (Cl) is found in Group 17 (halogens) and Period 3 of the periodic table. It's a nonmetal.

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How do atoms bond in a molecule?

Atoms bond in a molecule by sharing or exchanging valence electrons, the electrons in the outermost shell.

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Neutral Atom

An atom with an equal number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge), resulting in no overall electrical charge.

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Subatomic Particles with No Charge

Neutrons are subatomic particles located in the nucleus of an atom and have no electrical charge. Their number may vary within an element.

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Chemical Formula

A shorthand representation of a molecule using element symbols and subscripts to indicate the number of atoms of each element.

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Periodic Table Categories

The periodic table organizes elements into three main categories: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, based on their properties.

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Subscript in a Chemical Formula

The subscript in a chemical formula indicates the number of atoms of the element preceding it.

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Study Notes

Metals and Nonmetals

  • Metals tend to bond with nonmetals to form compounds
  • Chlorine is a likely element to bond with magnesium

Chemical Formulas

  • A chemical formula tells a scientist a lot about a particular molecule or compound
  • It describes in detail what information you can gather about a molecule.
  • Elements present
  • Number of atoms of each element
  • Number of molecules
  • Example: 2Hâ‚‚ + Oâ‚‚ → 2Hâ‚‚O

Coefficients

  • In the chemical equation 2Hâ‚‚ + Oâ‚‚ → 2Hâ‚‚O, what does the coefficient '2' in front of Hâ‚‚O indicate?
  • There are 2 molecules of water produced in the reaction.

Atoms of Hydrogen

  • Which of the following formulas contain four atoms of hydrogen?
  • 2Hâ‚‚CO₃
  • Câ‚‚H₆
  • 2NH₃
  • 2Hâ‚‚O

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Description

Test your knowledge on the properties of metals and nonmetals, chemical formulas, and the role of coefficients in chemical equations. This quiz will challenge your understanding of essential chemistry concepts including bonding, molecular composition, and atom counts.

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