Metals and Alloys Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mineral used to extract aluminium?

  • Copper oxide
  • Bauxite (correct)
  • Iron ore
  • Limestone

    • Which of the following metals is NOT listed as a main metal used in building envelopes?

  • Zinc
  • Iron (correct)
  • Nickel
  • Copper

    • What is the process used to convert bauxite into aluminium?

  • Electrolysis (correct)
  • Calcination
  • Fractional distillation
  • Filtration

    • At what temperature is aluminium melted?

    <p>657 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties is NOT characteristic of aluminium?

    <p>Heavy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lead?

    <p>Is easily scratched by fingernails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal is extracted from an ore that contains 78.6% tin?

    <p>Tin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal is known for its high corrosion resistance and is used in making cans?

    <p>Tin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal is used in making nickel steels and coins?

    <p>Nickel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals is considered a noble metal?

    <p>Silver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about titanium is TRUE?

    <p>It is used in its oxide form for making paints, paper, and plastics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes noble metals from other metals?

    <p>Resistance to corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of lead in the building envelope?

    <p>Waterproofing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of Duralumin?

    <p>It is highly resistant to corrosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which alloying elements are primarily used in Duralumin?

    <p>Copper and magnesium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main uses of Duralumin?

    <p>Aircraft construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Duralumin when it is rolled and heat treated?

    <p>It gains high strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of Duralumin makes it suitable for structural applications?

    <p>Its lightweight nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical composition of Duralumin regarding its copper content?

    <p>3-5% copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an application of Aluminium in building envelopes?

    <p>Load-bearing beams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Duralumin favored in the aerospace industry?

    <p>It has excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary alloy used for coin production mentioned?

    <p>Bronze</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property makes zinc suitable for use as a protective coating against corrosion?

    <p>Resistance to atmospheric corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color is bronze typically described as compared to copper?

    <p>Darker than copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an application of zinc?

    <p>Coinage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of copper is typically found in bronze?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is primarily used to remove iron impurities from zinc ore?

    <p>Electromagnetic separation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main ore that lead is extracted from?

    <p>Lead sulphide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following materials is characterized as the weakest metal?

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property makes terracotta suitable as casing for steel columns and beams?

    <p>Fire resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used for transparent glazing in terracotta?

    <p>Salt glazing method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to create a slip for opaque glazing?

    <p>Felspar, flint, and lead oxide combined with a mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of terracotta is specifically mentioned for its use in sound insulation?

    <p>Porous terracotta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT true about magnalium?

    <p>Very poor mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to fully burnt earthenwares known as biscuits after being dipped in slip?

    <p>They absorb water and form a glaze layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of coating duralumin with aluminium?

    <p>To improve its corrosion resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ore contains the highest percentage of copper?

    <p>Copper glance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property makes copper very suitable for electrical applications?

    <p>Good conductivity of heat and electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about brass is correct?

    <p>Brass resembles gold closely with 80-85% of copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to copper when it undergoes oxidation?

    <p>It turns greenish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of copper?

    <p>Weldability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary use of magnalium in engineering?

    <p>Manufacturing engine parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Building Materials

    • Building materials are categorized by their envelope types:
      • Metal envelope
      • Clay product envelope

    Metal Envelope

    • Common metals for building envelopes include aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, tin, nickel, and titanium.
    • Aluminum manufacturing process: Raw bauxite is subjected to roasting, filtering, grinding, and heating to extract aluminum. Electrolysis is used to purify the metal.
    • Aluminum properties: Silver-white color, malleable, ductile, light, strong, durable, low thermal conductivity, good electrical conductor, tempered at 350°C, melts at 657°C, corrosion-resistant.
    • Aluminum Applications: Wiring, food containers, building facades.

    Copper Envelope

    • Copper is extracted from ores like chalcopyrite and malachite.
    • Copper extraction involves smelting.
    • Crude copper, called blister copper, is purified through electrolysis.
    • Copper properties: Bright red-dish shine, turns greenish when oxidized, malleable, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity and not weldable, high tensile strength.
    • Copper Applications: Wiring, building roofing, statues, decorative components.

    Brass Envelope

    • Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc (60-90% copper and 10-40% zinc).
    • Brass can be cast or wrought.
    • Cast brasses are stronger than copper alone.
    • Other elements like tin, aluminium, and lead are also used in brass alloys.
    • Brass color varies with copper content; ranging from silvery white to reddish.
    • Brass applications includes decorative hardware for doors and other parts of buildings.

    Bronze Envelope

    • Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin with additional elements.
    • Bronze has a darker colour than copper.
    • Bronze is more malleable than brass.
    • A common application for bronze is coins and bells.
    • Bronze applications in building envelopes includes exterior cladding panels.

    Zinc Envelope

    • The main ore for zinc is zinc blende (a sulfide ore).
    • Zinc ore is calcined to expel sulfur.
    • Additional impurities, like iron, are removed using an electromagnet.
    • Zinc is resistant to atmospheric corrosion
    • Easily malleable
    • Used in brass and some types of bronze alloys
    • Used as protective coating against corrosion
    • Properties include a light grey color and tarnishes from contact with water.
    • Zinc applications include roofing, facades, and galvanization of other metals.

    Lead Envelope

    • Lead is mainly used in its pure form.
    • Lead is the densest, softest, and weakest metal.
    • The principal lead ore is lead sulfide.
    • Lead extraction involves removing sulfur.
    • Melting in a furnace removes additional impurities like zinc, copper, and arsenic.
    • Lead properties include malleability (can be hammered into thin sheets), and a blue-gray color when freshly cut and tarnishes to a dull gray when exposed to air. Its melting point is 327°C and it's highly corrosion-resistant.
    • Lead applications include roofing (especially older buildings), in paints, and as a component in some types of battery electrodes.

    Tin Envelope

    • Tin is extracted from the black oxide of tin.
    • Extraction involves crushing, roasting, and melting of the ore.
    • Tin properties include: a silvery-white lustrous, extremely malleable (can be cut by a knife), harder, and more ductile than lead. It has relatively low tensile strength. It has a melting point of 232°C and is highly resistant to corrosion.
    • Tin applications include a major component in the creation of cans used for food storage. It is also used to coat steel and produce alloys like bronze.

    Nickel Envelope

    • Nickel is extracted from pyrites or silicate ores.
    • Nickel has a silver color
    • Nickel has a high melting point (~1500°C)
    • Nickel is an alloying agent in nickel steels production
    • Nickel is also used to coat other metals.

    Titanium Envelope

    • Titanium is a strong but less dense metal.
    • It can be used as an alloying agent for other metals.
    • It resists corrosion and can be used in contact with sea water.
    • Titanium applications extend to exterior cladding in buildings and architectural structures.

    Noble Metals

    • Noble metals resist corrosion and do not react with air, including gold, silver, and platinum.
    • Noble metal applications in architecture are decorative components.

    Clay Products Envelope

    • Common clay products used for building envelopes include bricks, roof tiles, terracotta, and glazing.
    • Roof tile characteristics include Uniform texture, Accurate size and shape, Water absorption less than 15%, and Durability.
    • Types of tiling include plain tiling, pan tiling, Spanish tiling, and Italian tiling.
    • Terracotta properties include imperviousness, hardness, and a relatively low cost. It's resistant to weathering when properly made. Burning temperatures are between 1100-1200°C.
    • Terracotta can be used in varied forms, that include but are not limited to, ornamental works

    Transparent and Opaque Glazing

    • Transparent glazing: Uses a salt glazing method applying sodium chloride to the clay during its peak firing (1200-1300°C). This solution creates a transparent layer.
    • Opaque glazing (enamelling): Borax, kaolin, chalk, and coloring materials are fired with fluxes like felspar, flint, and lead oxide. A liquid slip is applied to the fired ceramic material to form a coating.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the properties and uses of various metals and alloys in this engaging quiz. From aluminium extraction to the characteristics of noble metals, challenge yourself with questions that cover a range of topics related to metallurgy. Perfect for students studying materials science or interested in engineering.

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