Metabolismo Humano e Vitaminas Solubilis in Aqua
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Questions and Answers

Quale de iste alimenta es considerato ricco in vitamina B12?

  • Noci
  • Carne (correct)
  • Frutta
  • Verdura

    • Que nutrientes può producir le flora intestinal?

  • Vitamina C
  • Vitamina K
  • Acido folico
  • Vitamina B12 (correct)

    • Quo que es un risico pro vegetarians strictes in relation a vitamina B12?

  • Un supply adeguate del vitamina
  • Un deficit del vitamina (correct)
  • Le production del vitamina in le intestinos
  • Un eccesso del vitamina

    • Quale fonte de nutriente non contine vitamina B12?

    <p>Legumine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In qual de iste categoria de alimento non se trova vitamina B12?

    <p>Cereale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale symptomatica es assotiata con le carentia de vitamina B1?

    <p>Disturbantias neurologic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale patologia resulta de un deficit de vitamina B1?

    <p>Beribiri (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de iste symptomatas non es associato con le beribiri?

    <p>Aumento de appetito (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale es un effecto potential de un deficit de vitamina B1?

    <p>Diminution de memoria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale sistema del corpo es principalmente afectate per le beribiri?

    <p>Sisteme cardiac (C), Sisteme neurologic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le function de folato in le metabolismo di C1?

    <p>Functionar come un coenzima (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual de le sequente non es un effetto del damage di phospholipid?

    <p>Incremente de energie cellular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que tipo de metabolismo involve folato?

    <p>Metabolismo di C1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le consequence principal del damage a phospholipid?

    <p>Disruption de function cellular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In qual processos biologic folato es principalmente implicate?

    <p>Metabolismo di C1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo succede a causa de un deficiencia de folato?

    <p>Biosynthese de nucleotidos es perturbate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un modo in le que microorganismos differente de animales utiliza folato?

    <p>Synthesize folato de su proprie componentes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In qual area le deficiencia de folato have un effecte significative?

    <p>Biosynthese de nucleotidos. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale carboxylase depende de biotina e es implicate in le metabolismo de pyruvate?

    <p>Pyruvate carboxylase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo es le consequence de un deficiencia de folato in le metabolismo de amino acidos?

    <p>Le metabolismo es perturbate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quando le blanc de huevo es consumite crude, quale vitamines es importante pro le function de carboxylases?

    <p>Biotina (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual statement super microorganismos e folato es ver?

    <p>Microorganismos pote crear folato de substancias interne. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente non es un carboxylase dependente de biotina?

    <p>Acetate carboxylase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale proposito biotina ha in le metabolismo?

    <p>Participation in pathways synthetisante acidos grassos (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale effetto ha le consumo de blanc de huevo crude super le carboxylases dependente de biotina?

    <p>Inhibite le function de carboxylases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que indica la restriccion severe del movemento ocular horizontal?

    <p>Problemas neurologic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un symptom significativamente associato con ataxia in le extremitates superior?

    <p>Disturbios del equilibrio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In un examen, que significar un ataxia in ambos extremitates superiores?

    <p>Un disturbio de l'equilibrio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual condition pote ocurrer con ambos symptom: restriccion del movemento ocular e ataxia?

    <p>Esclerosi multipla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que approccio diagnostic es appropriate quando observante restriccion ocular e ataxia?

    <p>Imaging neurologic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Biotin-dependente carboxylases

    Un enzyme que requere biotin pro functionar.

    Pyruvate carboxylase

    Un enzyme que converte pyruvate a oxaloacetate.

    Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

    Un enzyme que converte acetyl-CoA a malonyl-CoA.

    Biotin

    Un vitamina que es essential pro le function de carboxylases.

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    Deficiencia de biotin

    Un condition causate per le consumption de ovo albe crude.

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    Que es vitamina B1?

    Un deficit de vitamina B1.

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    Que es beriberi?

    Un condition caracterisate per problemas neurologic, problemas cardiac e debilitation muscular.

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    Que causa beriberi?

    Deficit de vitamina B1.

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    Quales symptomas de beriberi?

    Problemas neurologic.

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    Quales altere symptomas de beriberi?

    Debilitation muscular.

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    Vitamin B12

    Vitamin B12 es un nutriente essential que se trova in multe alimentos de origine animal, como le fegato, carne, ovos, e latte.

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    Flora intestinal e vitamin B12

    Le flora intestinal pote producer vitamin B12.

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    Vegetarianos e vitamin B12

    Le vegetarianos strict non consume productos de origine animal, e per consequente, non ha un sufficiente fornitura de vitamin B12.

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    Deficiencia de vitamin B12

    Un dieta con un insufficiente quantitate de vitamin B12 pote resultar in deficiencia del vitamin.

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    Importantia de vitamin B12

    Vitamin B12 es essential pro le production de cellulas sanguine e pro le function del systema nervose.

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    Folate: Coenzym in le metabolismo de C1

    Folate es un coenzym que participa in le metabolismo de unitates de un carbonio (C1).

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    Importantia del Metabolismo de C1

    Le metabolismo de C1 es un process importante in le production de multe moleculas vital, incluente DNA, RNA, e aminoacidos.

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    Deficit de Folate: Defectos de Tubo Neural

    Le deficit de folate pote causar defectos de tubo neural in le foetus durante le graviditate.

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    Excesso de Acidos Grasse: Deficiencia de Folate

    Un excesso de acidos grasse in le dieta pote causar un deficit de folate.

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    Deficit de Folate: Anemia Megaloblastica

    Le deficit de folate pote causar anemia megaloblastica, un condition characterisate per le production de erythrocytos anormalmente grande.

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    Deficit de Folato

    Un deficit de folato pote causar problemas con le production de nucleotide, le metabolismo de aminoacidos e le proliferation cellular.

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    Rol de Folato in le Production de Nucleotide

    Folato es un vitamina essential pro le production de nucleotide. Le nucleotide es le blocos de construction del DNA e le RNA.

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    Rol de Folato in le Metabolismo de Aminoacidos

    Folato es un vitamina essential pro le metabolismo de aminoacidos. Le aminoacidos es le blocos de construction del proteinas.

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    Rol de Folato in le Proliferation Cellular

    Folato es un vitamina essential pro le proliferation cellular. Le proliferation cellular es le processo de crescimento e de division del cellulas.

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    Differentia Inter Organismes Unicellular e Animales in Relation a Folato

    Le organismos unicellular pote sintetisar folato, ma le animales non pote. Le animales debe obtener folato per le dieta.

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    Restriction del movimento del oculos

    Un restriction sever del movimento horizontal del oculos.

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    Ataxia

    Un perturbation del coordination del movimento, specialmente del membros superior.

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    Ataxia bilateral del membros superior

    Un deficit de coordination del movimento que affecta ambes membros superior.

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    Syndroma con restriction del oculos e ataxia bilateral

    Un condition medical que causa restriction sever del movimento del oculos e ataxia bilateral del membros superior.

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    Diagnose potential

    Un condition medical que implica restriction sever del movimento del oculos e ataxia bilateral del membros superior, causante problemas con coordination e vista.

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    Study Notes

    Human Metabolism

    • Biochemistry is the study of human metabolism.
    • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy currency of cells.
    • The inner membrane of mitochondria is the site of oxidative phosphorylation, a process that generates ATP.

    Water-Soluble Vitamins

    • Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folate), and B12 (cobalamin).
    • These vitamins are essential for various bodily functions.

    Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

    • Thiamine is essential for proper nerve function and DNA/RNA formation.
    • Thiamine diphosphate (TPP) is the active form of thiamine, acting as a coenzyme in various reactions, including oxidative decarboxylation.
    • Insufficient thiamine can cause beriberi, characterized by neurological and cardiac issues.
    • Thiamine occurs in grain products, yeast products, and pork.

    Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

    • Riboflavin is a component of redox coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
    • FMN and FAD are cofactors for numerous oxidoreductases.
    • Deficiency can lead to corneal neovascularization, cheilosis, stomatitis, and a magenta-colored tongue.
    • Riboflavin is found in milk and eggs.

    Niacin (Vitamin B3)

    • Niacin is essential for steroid and red blood cell formation.
    • Niacin occurs as nicotinate and nicotinamide, forming NAD+ and NADP+, which are crucial in energy and nutrient metabolism.
    • Insufficient niacin can cause pellagra (characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia).
    • Meat, yeast products, fruits, and vegetables are sources of niacin.

    Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

    • Pantothenic acid is an amide consisting of β-alanine and pantoic acid.
    • It's a precursor for coenzyme A (CoA), necessary for fatty acid, cholesterol, steroid hormone, and neurotransmitter synthesis.
    • CoA's role is acyl residue activation in lipid metabolism.
    • Deficiency symptoms resemble other B vitamin deficiencies, including irritability, fatigue, and apathy.

    Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

    • Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the active form of vitamin B6, essential for amino acid metabolism.
    • Pyridoxine is involved in numerous reactions.
    • Low levels can cause seborrheic dermatitis, microcytic anemia, dental decay, glossitis, epilepsy, and neuropathy.
    • Meat, vegetables, and grain products contain pyridoxine.

    Biotin (Vitamin B7)

    • Biotin is a coenzyme in carboxylation reactions, crucial for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis.
    • Deficiencies are rare due to widespread availability in food.
    • Egg whites contain avidin, which reduces biotin absorption if consumed raw.
    • Biotin is found in yeast products, legumes, and nuts.

    Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)

    • Cobalamin (B12) is a complex molecule with cobalt as the central atom.
    • B12 is a coenzyme essential for the synthesis and interconversion of methylmalonyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA.
    • Deficiencies can lead to pernicious anemia due to impaired absorption (intrinsic factor deficiency).
    • Sources of B12 include liver, meat, eggs, and milk.

    Folic Acid

    • Folate is a coenzyme in C1 metabolism, important for nucleotide synthesis and cell proliferation.
    • Folate deficiency can lead to various health issues, including anemia.
    • Sources of folate include fresh green vegetables and liver.

    Vitamin C

    • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a reducing agent involved in collagen synthesis, tyrosine degradation, catecholamine synthesis, and bile acid biosynthesis.
    • Vitamin C enhances iron absorption; it's essential for connective tissue integrity and healing.

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    Description

    Este quiz aborda conceptos fundamentales de metabolismo humano, incluyendo a função das vitaminas solubilis in aqua como tiamina e riboflavina. Aprende sobre a importancia do ATP e como as vitaminas impactan a saúde do corpo humano. Avalia tus conhecimentos sobre a bioquímica esencial para o funcionamento do organismo.

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