25 Questions
Which type of lipid serves as the major source of energy and precursors to specialized regulatory molecules?
Triacylglycerides
Where is lipid digestion completed?
In the intestinal lumen
What is formed to maximize exposure to pancreatic lipases for lipid hydrolysis during lipid digestion?
Aqueous suspension of small fatty droplets
What provides a continuous source of digested dietary products for absorption at the brush-border membranes of the enterocytes?
Mixed micelles
Which lipid is not mentioned as part of the human diet according to the text?
Glycolipids
In LPL, what is the most common mutation mentioned in the text?
Gly188Glu
Which lipoprotein carries TGs, PLs, and cholesterol esters from the liver to other tissues throughout the body?
VLDL
What is the major protein retained by LDL in VLDL metabolism?
apoB-100
Which lipoprotein is known as the major cholesterol carrier in human blood?
LDL
Which lipoprotein is particularly atherogenic when complexed with apo(a) protein?
LDL
What happens to HDL-3 particles after binding to the scavenger receptor BI on the hepatocyte membrane?
They release redundant surface material forming pre-β-HDL
Which enzyme is rate-limiting for the efflux of free cholesterol to apoAI?
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)
Which lipoprotein acquires two further apoCII and apoE surface apoproteins from HDL molecules after passing into the bloodstream?
VLDL
Which lipoprotein is made by the liver and transports lipids to other tissues, especially adipose tissue?
VLDL
What structural similarity allows apo(a) to inhibit plasminogen activation on Lp(a) particles?
It contains a protease domain and multiple kringles like plasminogen
Which lipoprotein binds LPL via the apoC-II in the capillaries of adipocytes?
VLDL
In which lipoprotein metabolism does LPL act on VLDL to produce intermediatedensity lipoproteins (IDL)?
VLDL Metabolism
Which of the following is NOT a component of mixed micelles?
Triglycerides
What is the main function of mixed micelles?
Facilitating the diffusion of monoglycerides and fatty acids into enterocytes
What is the size comparison between micelles and emulsion droplets?
Micelles are 200 times smaller than emulsion droplets
How do monoglycerides and fatty acids enter the enterocytes?
By free diffusion across the plasma membrane
Which enzyme is responsible for acylating phospholipids from the diet to form phosphatidic acid?
1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
What is the role of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in lipid digestion?
Joining TAG with CE and ApoB to form chylomicrons
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting dietary lipids to adipose tissue and the liver?
Chylomicrons
Which apolipoprotein acts as a cofactor for lipoprotein lipase (LPL)?
ApoC-II
Test your knowledge on the metabolism of lipids, including digestion, absorption, and the metabolic pathways for different lipoproteins. Understand the importance of lipids as structural components of cell membranes and as a major source of energy.
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