Metabolism

Energy and ATP

• Exergonic reactions are a type of reaction that releases energy from the system.

DNA Replication

• The main function of DNA polymerase is to synthesize new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a template.

ATP Structure

• ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is composed of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.

ATP Hydrolysis

• Hydrolysis of ATP with water releases 30.5 kJ of energy per mole of ATP.

Energy Production

• The process by which photosynthesis and/or respiration provide the energy required to synthesize ATP is called energy coupling.

ATP Function

• The main function of ATP hydrolysis in the cell is to provide energy for various cellular processes.

Photosynthesis

• Photoautotrophs are organisms that use light energy, carbon, and water to produce organic molecules through photosynthesis.

Electron Carriers

• The main function of NAD+/NADH in cellular respiration is to facilitate electron transport and generate ATP.

Aerobic Respiration

• The products of aerobic respiration of glucose are carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Redox Reactions

• The main function of oxidation and reduction in living systems is to facilitate energy transfer and storage.