Metabolism: Lipolysis and Protein Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

Which nutrients are most important for protein synthesis?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Fatty acids
  • Amino acids (correct)
  • Vitamins
  • What controls the process of protein synthesis that occurs on ribosomes?

  • Sex hormones
  • Growth hormone (correct)
  • Thyroid hormone
  • Insulin
  • What happens to excess dietary proteins in the body?

  • Oxidized for energy (correct)
  • Converted to glucose
  • Stored in muscle tissue
  • Converted to vitamins
  • How are essential amino acids obtained for protein synthesis?

    <p>Acquired through the diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of amino acids in protein metabolism?

    <p>Recycled into new proteins or different compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones control the synthesis of proteins?

    <p>Growth hormone, thyroid hormone, and sex hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins are found in animal products, soybeans, and considered complete proteins?

    <p>Structural proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of keratin, collagen, and elastin in the body?

    <p>Serve as structural materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the 'all-or-none rule' in protein synthesis, what must be present for protein synthesis to occur?

    <p>All essential amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inadequate intake of which nutrients causes proteins to be used as fuel instead of for synthesis?

    <p>Carbohydrates or fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones promote protein breakdown and conversion of amino acids to glucose?

    <p>Glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What accelerates protein synthesis and growth in the body?

    <p>Anabolic hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state called when the rate of protein synthesis equals the rate of breakdown and loss in the body?

    <p>Homeostatic balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does protein synthesis exceed breakdown, as seen in normal children and pregnant women?

    <p>Positive nitrogen balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during a negative nitrogen balance?

    <p>Protein breakdown exceeds synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general daily intake rule for proteins based on body weight for individuals over 19 years old?

    <p>0.8 g per kg body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vitamins are absorbed with water, not stored in the body, and are excreted if not used within an hour?

    <p>Water-soluble vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin, when consumed in excess, can lead to health problems due to storage in the body?

    <p>Vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

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